Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Cell Biology and Restenosis

In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angiop...

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Published inBiology (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 24
Main Authors Efovi, Denis, Xiao, Qingzhong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 22.12.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Angina pectoris
Angioplasty
Atherosclerosis
biomarkers
Blood coagulation
Cardiovascular diseases
Cell cycle
circRNAs
Circular RNA
Cyclin-dependent kinases
Cytokines
Cytoplasm
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Growth factors
Heart attacks
Implants
Inflammation
Kinases
Localization
long noncoding RNAs
Macrophages
microRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Non-coding RNA
noncoding RNAs
Pathophysiology
Patients
Peptides
Proteins
Restenosis
Review
RNA polymerase
Smooth muscle
smooth muscle cells
Therapeutic applications
Therapeutic targets
therapeutics
vascular cells
Veins & arteries
microRNAs
smooth muscle cells
vascular cells
cardiovascular disease
circRNAs
endothelial cells
restenosis
long noncoding RNAs
in-stent restenosis
noncoding RNAs
neointimal hyperplasia
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI10.3390/biology12010024

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Abstract In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
AbstractList In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
Simple SummaryAngioplasty is a procedure where a stent is inserted to open a blocked blood vessel that is causing issues for a patient. Restenosis is a medical condition that reverses the benefits of angioplasty, and it is caused by injury from the stent, with inflammation, excessive smooth muscle cell growth and the movement of cells to accumulate inside the vessel, as part of a disproportionate healing response to the foreign object. The current treatments for restenosis stop the growth of all cells in the area, which is an issue as endothelial cells are required to keep growing in order to heal the inner layer of the blood vessel, which was damaged by the stent, and prevent issues in the future, such as blood clots. Noncoding RNAs are small pieces of genetic material that are not translated into proteins; however, they are important in controlling different biological processes, some of which are the growth and movement of specific cells involved in restenosis. Therefore, we may be able to target certain noncoding RNAs to only slow down the growth and movement of the type of cell causing the condition, namely smooth muscle cells, while allowing for endothelial cells to keep growing and healing the blood vessel.AbstractIn-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
Author Efovi, Denis
Xiao, Qingzhong
AuthorAffiliation 2 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
1 William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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  givenname: Qingzhong
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  surname: Xiao
  fullname: Xiao, Qingzhong
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Keywords microRNAs
smooth muscle cells
vascular cells
cardiovascular disease
circRNAs
endothelial cells
restenosis
long noncoding RNAs
in-stent restenosis
noncoding RNAs
neointimal hyperplasia
Language English
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Snippet In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a...
Simple SummaryAngioplasty is a procedure where a stent is inserted to open a blocked blood vessel that is causing issues for a patient. Restenosis is a medical...
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StartPage 24
SubjectTerms Angina pectoris
Angioplasty
Atherosclerosis
biomarkers
Blood coagulation
Cardiovascular diseases
Cell cycle
circRNAs
Circular RNA
Cyclin-dependent kinases
Cytokines
Cytoplasm
Endothelial cells
Endothelium
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Growth factors
Heart attacks
Implants
Inflammation
Kinases
Localization
long noncoding RNAs
Macrophages
microRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Non-coding RNA
noncoding RNAs
Pathophysiology
Patients
Peptides
Proteins
Restenosis
Review
RNA polymerase
Smooth muscle
smooth muscle cells
Therapeutic applications
Therapeutic targets
therapeutics
vascular cells
Veins & arteries
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Title Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Cell Biology and Restenosis
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671717
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9855655
https://doaj.org/article/6c7e298d5eaa45feabf88db112a42d47
Volume 12
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