Association of Inflammatory and Oxidative Status Markers with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in 40-To-45-Year-Old Females: A Cross-Sectional Study

• Published in: Antioxidants Vol. 12; no. 6; p. 1221
• Main Authors: Šebeková, Katarína, Staruchová, Marta, Mišľanová, Csilla, Líšková, Aurélia, Horváthová, Mira, Tulinská, Jana, Lehotská Mikušová, Miroslava, Szabová, Michaela, Gurecká, Radana, Koborová, Ivana, Csongová, Melinda, Tábi, Tamás, Szökö, Éva, Volkovová, Katarína
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 05.06.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: advanced glycation end products; Advanced glycosylation end products; Analysis; Antioxidants; antioxidative enzymes; bilirubin; Blood pressure; Body fat; C-reactive protein; cardiometabolic risk markers; Carotenoids; cellular adhesion molecules; Chronic illnesses; Cross-sectional studies; Cytokines; Diabetes therapy; Dyslipidemia; Enzymes; Females; fluorescence; Glycosylation; Hyperbilirubinemia; hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; interleukin-6; leukocytes; Lipids; malondialdehyde; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Mortality; Obesity; Oxidative stress; Plasma; prognosis; Proteins; Regression analysis; sRAGE; systolic blood pressure; Trends; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Uric acid; Slovakia; United States > US; bilirubin; sRAGE; cardiometabolic risk markers; uric acid; cellular adhesion molecules; antioxidative enzymes
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061221

Oxidative stress and sterile inflammation play roles in the induction and maintenance of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study cohort included 170 females aged 40 to 45 years who were categorized according to the presentation of MetS components (e.g., central obesity, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and elevated systolic blood pressure) as controls not presenting a single component (n = 43), those with pre-MetS displaying one to two components (n = 70), and females manifesting MetS, e.g., ≥3 components (n = 53). We analyzed the trends of seventeen oxidative and nine inflammatory status markers across three clinical categories. A multivariate regression of selected oxidative status and inflammatory markers on the components of MetS was performed. Markers of oxidative damage (malondialdehyde and advanced-glycation-end-products-associated fluorescence of plasma) were similar across the groups. Healthy controls displayed lower uricemia and higher bilirubinemia than females with MetS; and lower leukocyte counts, concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukine-6, and higher levels of carotenoids/lipids and soluble receptors for advanced glycation end-products than those with pre-MetS and MetS. In multivariate regression models, levels of C-reactive protein, uric acid, and interleukine-6 were consistently associated with MetS components, although the impacts of single markers differed. Our data suggest that a proinflammatory imbalance precedes the manifestation of MetS, while an imbalance of oxidative status accompanies overt MetS. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether determining markers beyond traditional ones could help improve the prognosis of subjects at an early stage of MetS.