赣北红壤坡地土壤流失方程关键因子的确定

土壤流失方程是开展水土流失监测,指导水土流失防治的重要技术工具。针对红壤坡地土壤流失方程因子算法和取值研究薄弱的问题,基于野外径流小区观测资料,采用80%经验频率法确定了赣北红壤区侵蚀性降雨标准为降雨量10.0 mm、平均雨强1.3 mm/h、最大30 min雨强5.0 mm/h,区内次降雨侵蚀力采用总动能和最大30 min雨强乘积计算最佳。通过建立基于年降雨量的逐年侵蚀力简易算式,测算土壤可蚀性因子以及6种生物措施因子、5种工程措施因子取值,选定适宜的地形因子算式,构建了赣北红壤坡地土壤流失方程体系。经检验,模型能良好预报赣北红壤坡地多年平均土壤侵蚀强度;年际尺度预报的精度整体较高,但对于降...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 29; no. 21; pp. 115 - 125
Main Author 秦伟 左长清 郑海金 马良 杜鹏飞
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京,100044%江西省水土保持科学研究院,南昌,330029%山东省水利科学研究院,济南,250013%中国水利水电科学研究院国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京,100044 2013
Subjects
侵蚀
土壤
土壤可蚀性因子
土壤流失方程
工程措施因子
生物措施因子
降雨
降雨侵蚀力因子
降雨侵蚀力因子
engineering measures factor
侵蚀
rain
soil loss equation
降雨
土壤可蚀性因子
土壤流失方程
土壤
生物措施因子
工程措施因子
biological measures factor
erosion
soils
rainfall erosivity factor
soil erodibility factor
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.21.015

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Summary:土壤流失方程是开展水土流失监测,指导水土流失防治的重要技术工具。针对红壤坡地土壤流失方程因子算法和取值研究薄弱的问题,基于野外径流小区观测资料,采用80%经验频率法确定了赣北红壤区侵蚀性降雨标准为降雨量10.0 mm、平均雨强1.3 mm/h、最大30 min雨强5.0 mm/h,区内次降雨侵蚀力采用总动能和最大30 min雨强乘积计算最佳。通过建立基于年降雨量的逐年侵蚀力简易算式,测算土壤可蚀性因子以及6种生物措施因子、5种工程措施因子取值,选定适宜的地形因子算式,构建了赣北红壤坡地土壤流失方程体系。经检验,模型能良好预报赣北红壤坡地多年平均土壤侵蚀强度;年际尺度预报的精度整体较高,但对于降雨较多年平均水平浮动较大或地表出现沟蚀等侵蚀类型时,预报精度将有所降低。有关因子的确定可为土壤流失方程在南方红壤坡地水土流失监测和水土保持规划中的应用提供技术支撑。
Bibliography:soils; erosion; rain; soil loss equation; rainfall erosivity factor; soil erodibility factor; biological measures factor; engineering measures factor
11-2047/S
Qin wei, zuo Changqing, Zheng Haijin, Ma Liang, Du Pengfei （ 1 . Department of Sedimentation, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China; 2. Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China; 3. Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Ji ＇nan 250013, China; 4. International Resesearch and Traning Center on Erosion and Sedimentation, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China）
A soil loss equation is an important technique for monitoring and preventing soil erosion. Based on field observation data from runoff plots, standards on erosive rainfall in red-soil slop land located in northern Jiangxi province were defined by using the method of 80% experience frequency. Results showed that the rainfall amount, average rainfall intensity, and brea
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.21.015