常规灌溉条件下施氮对温室土壤氨挥发的影响

为明确温室土壤的氨挥发特征,探讨适宜的减量施氮措施对氨挥发损失量及黄瓜产量的影响,在常规灌溉条件下设置了3个施氮(尿素)处理,采用通气法测定了冬春季黄瓜地中的氨挥发速率。结果表明:温室土壤在氮肥基施后7d出现氨挥发速率峰值,但在氮肥追施后,施肥带与非施肥带的氨挥发速率峰值分别在第1d与第5d出现,氨挥发速率的峰值比氮肥基施时下降了8.6%~46.3%,施肥带的累积氨挥发量是非施肥带的0.91~1.54倍。冬春季黄瓜地的氨挥发损失量为16.7~26.6kg/hm2,其中减施氮25%处理N900(900kg/hm2)与减施氮50%处理N600(600kg/hm2)与习惯施氮处理N1200(1200...

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Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 27; no. 7; pp. 23 - 30
Main Author 李银坤 武雪萍 梅旭荣 段敏杰 武其甫 吴会军 王小彬 蔡典雄
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室,北京100081 2011
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室,北京100081%中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室,北京100081%中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室,北京100081
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.07.005

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Summary:为明确温室土壤的氨挥发特征,探讨适宜的减量施氮措施对氨挥发损失量及黄瓜产量的影响,在常规灌溉条件下设置了3个施氮(尿素)处理,采用通气法测定了冬春季黄瓜地中的氨挥发速率。结果表明:温室土壤在氮肥基施后7d出现氨挥发速率峰值,但在氮肥追施后,施肥带与非施肥带的氨挥发速率峰值分别在第1d与第5d出现,氨挥发速率的峰值比氮肥基施时下降了8.6%~46.3%,施肥带的累积氨挥发量是非施肥带的0.91~1.54倍。冬春季黄瓜地的氨挥发损失量为16.7~26.6kg/hm2,其中减施氮25%处理N900(900kg/hm2)与减施氮50%处理N600(600kg/hm2)与习惯施氮处理N1200(1200kg/hm2)相比,氨挥发损失量分别降低了22.1%和37.2%。而2a黄瓜产量的平均值以处理N600(600kg/hm2)最高,比处理N1200(1200kg/hm2)增加了6.52%。综合考虑氨挥发损失量、黄瓜产量及施氮量,在河北省的温室冬春季黄瓜生产中,比农民习惯氮用量(1200kg/hm2)减少25%~50%的措施是可行的。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
greenhouse; nitrogen; fertilizers; ammonia volatilization; cucumber
To identify the characteristics of greenhouse soil ammonia volatilization and the effect of nitrogen application reducing on ammonia volatilization loss and cucumber yield,a study was carried out with three nitrogen treatments(urea) under conventional irrigation conditions.Also the ammonia volatilization rates were measured in cucumber field with venting method in the winter and spring.The results showed that the peaks of ammonia volatilization rates appeared at seventh day after applying basal fertilizer.After topdressing,the peaks of ammonia volatilization rates in fertilization and non-fertilization zone appeared at the first day and fifth day,respectively.Compared with the basal fertilizer,the peaks value decreased from 8.6% to 46.3%.Ammonia volatilization accumulation in fertilization zone was 0.91-1.54 times of that of non-fertilization zone.Ammonia volatilization loss changed from 16.7 to 26.6 kg/hm2 in cucumber field in the wi
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.07.005