全自动莲子剥壳去皮机的设计与试验

目前市场上的莲子剥壳去皮一体化机大多采用双边机结构,加工效率较高,但机器质量大、故障率高、调整维修困难。该文针对现有的莲子剥壳去皮一体机的缺陷,参考现有的莲子剥壳、去皮机的原理,设计出一种单边机结构的全自动莲子剥壳去皮机。莲子置于传送带,靠旋转的凹轮与莲壳表面间的摩擦,使莲子短径与传输方向保持一致;采用凸轮装置控制挡针和挡板的开合,使得莲子逐一通过;应用往复运动的刀片对传送带上的莲子进行环切;切壳后的莲子进入脱壳通道继续向前搓滚,使得壳仁分离;脱壳后的莲仁被冲皮装置夹持,绕自身旋转,受高压水枪冲击,使得莲子种皮完全脱去。对比试验表明,该机莲子完整加工率为91.3%,高于双边机;而未剥壳率和损伤...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 30; no. 13; pp. 28 - 34
Main Author 徐谐庆 饶洪辉 李涛 刘木华
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 江西农业大学工学院,南昌,330045 2014
Subjects
优化
农业机械
剥壳
去皮
莲子
设计
agricultural machinery
设计
peeling
剥壳
optimization
优化
design
husking
去皮
lotus seeds
莲子
农业机械
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.13.004

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Summary:目前市场上的莲子剥壳去皮一体化机大多采用双边机结构,加工效率较高,但机器质量大、故障率高、调整维修困难。该文针对现有的莲子剥壳去皮一体机的缺陷,参考现有的莲子剥壳、去皮机的原理,设计出一种单边机结构的全自动莲子剥壳去皮机。莲子置于传送带,靠旋转的凹轮与莲壳表面间的摩擦,使莲子短径与传输方向保持一致;采用凸轮装置控制挡针和挡板的开合,使得莲子逐一通过;应用往复运动的刀片对传送带上的莲子进行环切;切壳后的莲子进入脱壳通道继续向前搓滚,使得壳仁分离;脱壳后的莲仁被冲皮装置夹持,绕自身旋转,受高压水枪冲击,使得莲子种皮完全脱去。对比试验表明,该机莲子完整加工率为91.3%,高于双边机;而未剥壳率和损伤率为1.9%和1.8%,低于双边机,单边机加工速度为96个/min,加工效率约为20 kg/h。因此,该文设计的全自动莲子机剥壳去皮性能更加稳定、可靠,调整维修更加简单,可实现莲子高效率低损耗的连续作业,并能加工各种粒度范围的莲子,能满足莲子剥壳去皮的实用需求,具有较好的应用前景。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
Lotus seeds usually are processed by manual and mechanical methods. The manual processing method is time-wasting because it can take about 70 percent of the total time to husk and peel seeds. The mechanical method can save time and have high efficiency of production. But, the existing husking and peeling machines for lotus seeds all adopt the bilateral machine structure, which has the shortcomings of too heavy, high failure rate and difficulty for maintenance and adjustment. In this study, an improved automatic husking and peeling machine for lotus seeds with unilateral machine structure was designed based on the existing lotus seed processing machine. On this machine, a conveyor belt was adopted to transport the lotus seeds, and a rotating concave wheel was used to frict with the lotus seed shell surface for adjusting the lotus seeds＇ direction to keep the short diameter of lotus seeds in a direction consistent with the movement direction of the conveyor belt. And then a spacing device was used to s
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.13.004