Effects of a novel therapeutic diet on liver enzymes and coagulating factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A parallel randomized trial

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 30; no. 7-8; pp. 814 - 821
• Main Authors: Kani, Ali Hashemi, Alavian, Seyed Moayed, Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad, Adibi, Peyman, Azadbakht, Leila
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.07.2014; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Addictive behaviors; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; alanine transaminase; Alanine Transaminase - blood; Alcoholism; Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning; aspartate transaminase; Biological and medical sciences; blood serum; Body Weight - drug effects; Caloric Restriction; Cholesterol; Clinical trials; Coagulation; Diet; diet therapy; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; Diet, Reducing; Energy Intake; Enzymes; fatty liver; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; fibrinogen; Fibrinogen - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Glycine max; Humans; Insulin resistance; Lipid abnormalities; lipid composition; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver - enzymology; Liver diseases; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas; Low-calorie diet; Low-carbohydrate diet; Male; malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - blood; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Non-alcoholic fatty liver; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - blood; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - diet therapy; Nutrition research; Nutrition therapy; Obesity - complications; Obesity - diet therapy; Other diseases. Semiology; Patients; Proteins; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Seeds; Soy; Studies; Toxicology; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Weight control; Womens health; Iran; Isfahan Iran; Non-alcoholic fatty liver; Lipid abnormalities; Low-calorie diet; Soy; Low-carbohydrate diet; Coagulation; Human; Nutrition; Digestive system; Enzyme; Alcoholism; Liver; Hepatic disease; Lipids; Soybean; Feeding; Grain legume; Fatty liver; Diet; Non alcoholic steatohepatitis; Digestive diseases; Carbohydrate; Low calorie diet
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.11.008

There are several reports regarding the role of therapeutic diets for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet on lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and coagulating factors in patients with NAFLD. This was a randomized parallel clinical trial involving 45 patients with NAFLD. The participants consumed three kinds of diets for 8 wk. Patients were randomly assigned to consume a low-calorie diet; a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate diet; or a low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet. Measurements were done according to the standard method. Changes in weight were not significantly different in the three groups. The low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet could reduce alanine aminotransferase (–15.2 ± 12.1 versus –6.8 ± 4.6 in the low-calorie, low-carbohydrate diet, and –6.4 ± 4.4 IU/L in the low-calorie diet; P = 0.02) and serum fibrinogen levels (–49.1 ± 60.1 versus –12.9 ± 8.1 and –17.4 ± 8.4 g/L, respectively; P = 0.01). Reductions in aspartate aminotransferase were significantly higher in the low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing group. Changes in lipid profiles did not differ significantly between the groups. The soy-containing diet did reduce malondialdehyde more than the other diets (P = 0.01). A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet could have beneficial effects on liver enzymes, malondialdehyde, and serum fibrinogen levels in patients with NAFLD.