Spray Dried Smectite Clay Particles as a Novel Treatment against Obesity

• Published in: Pharmaceutical research Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 21 - 14
• Main Authors: Dening, Tahnee J., Joyce, Paul, Kovalainen, Miia, Gustafsson, Hanna, Prestidge, Clive A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.01.2019; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adsorption - drug effects; Animals; Bentonite - chemistry; Bentonite - pharmacokinetics; Bentonite - pharmacology; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedicine; Body weight; Body Weight - drug effects; Body weight gain; Clay; digestion; Drug therapy; Drying; High fat diet; laponite; Lipase - metabolism; lipid; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Lipids; Lipolysis; Lipolysis - drug effects; Liraglutide; Lorcaserin; Male; Medical Law; Montmorillonite; Nanoparticles - therapeutic use; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Obesity; Obesity - drug therapy; Obesity - metabolism; Particle Size; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Research Paper; Silicates - chemistry; Silicates - pharmacokinetics; Silicates - pharmacology; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - metabolism; digestion; montmorillonite; laponite; lipid; obesity
• ISSN: 0724-8741; 1573-904X; 1573-904X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2552-9

Purpose To explore the feasibility of spray dried smectite clay particles fabricated from montmorillonite or laponite materials for adsorbing dietary lipids and reducing rodent weight gain in vivo. Methods Spray dried montmorillonite (SD-MMT) and spray dried laponite (SD-LAP) particles were prepared via spray drying. Particle morphology, surface area and redispersion/aggregation properties in aqueous media were characterized. The ability of SD-MMT and SD-LAP particles to inhibit lipid digestion kinetics and adsorb lipid species from solution was assessed during in vitro lipolysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. SD-MMT and SD-LAP particles were dosed to rodents fed a high-fat diet and their effect on body weight gain was evaluated. Results Both SD-MMT and SD-LAP particles adsorbed significant quantities of medium chain triglycerides and lipolytic products from solution during in vitro lipolysis. At a concentration of 50% w /w relative to lipid content, SD-MMT and SD-LAP particles adsorbed 42% and 94% of all lipid species, respectively. SD-MMT and SD-LAP particles also reduced the extent of rodent weight gain relative to the negative control treatment group and performed similarly to orlistat via an alternate mechanism of action. Conclusions Spray dried smectite clay particles (SD-MMT and SD-LAP) with significant adsorptive capacities for dietary lipids and digestion products were successfully fabricated. These particles may be developed as novel anti-obesity treatments with fewer adverse effects than currently marketed treatment options.