Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Malignancy

• Published in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 9; p. 1888
• Main Authors: Russo, Vincenzo, Falco, Luigi, Tessitore, Viviana, Mauriello, Alfredo, Catapano, Dario, Napolitano, Nicola, Tariq, Moiz, Caturano, Alfredo, Ciccarelli, Giovanni, D’Andrea, Antonello, Giordano, Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.09.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Anticancer properties; Anticoagulants; Anticoagulants (Medicine); Blood platelets; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Cell growth; Chemokines; Complications and side effects; Cytokines; Drug therapy; Heparin; Inflammation; Inflammatory diseases; Kinases; Leukocytes; low-molecular-weight heparins; Malignancy; Metastasis; Pathogens; Pharmaceutical research; Prevention; Proteins; Review; Risk factors; Thromboembolism; Thrombosis; Transcription factors; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumors; Venous thrombosis; Italy; direct oral anticoagulants; thrombosis; malignancy; inflammation; anticoagulants; cancer; low-molecular-weight heparins
• ISSN: 2075-1729; 2075-1729
• DOI: 10.3390/life13091888

Optimizing the anticoagulation therapy is of pivotal importance in patients with a malignant tumor, as venous thromboembolism (VTE) has become the second-leading cause of death in this population. Cancer can highly increase the risk of thrombosis and bleeding. Consequently, the management of cancer-associated VTE is complex. In recent years, translational research has intensified, and several studies have highlighted the role of inflammatory cytokines in cancer growth and progression. Simultaneously, the pleiotropic effects of anticoagulants currently recommended for VTE have emerged. In this review, we describe the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of both direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and low-molecular-weight heparins (LWMHs).