平底马蹄形断面的水力计算

平底II型马蹄形断面是将标准II型马蹄形断面的底拱改成平底而来,是水利水电工程较常用的断面形式之一,但其正常水深和临界水深的水力计算需求解超越方程,无解析解.传统的试算法或查表法计算过程繁琐且计算精度不高.本文通过对平底II型马蹄形断面基本方程进行数学变换,并对引入的无量纲参数与无量纲水深的关系进行分析及计算,应用拟合优化原理得到了其水力计算的直接计算公式.该公式不需分段和进行判别选取,直接可得到答案.在工程的适用范围内（即水深与顶拱半径之比：0.05≤h/r≤1.41）,计算正常水深的最大误差小于0.41%,计算临界水深的最大误差小于0.20%.其成果对该断面形式的隧洞设计有一定参考价值....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 29; no. 10; pp. 130 - 135
Main Author 文辉 李风玲
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 惠州学院建筑与土木工程系,惠州 516007 2013
Subjects
临界水深
优化
平底II型马蹄形断面
模型
正常水深
水位
直接计算公式
models
II type horseshoe cross-section with flat–bottom
模型
临界水深
平底II型马蹄形断面
normal water depth
正常水深
水位
optimization
优化
water levels
直接计算公式
direct calculation formula
critical water depth
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.10.018

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Summary:平底II型马蹄形断面是将标准II型马蹄形断面的底拱改成平底而来,是水利水电工程较常用的断面形式之一,但其正常水深和临界水深的水力计算需求解超越方程,无解析解.传统的试算法或查表法计算过程繁琐且计算精度不高.本文通过对平底II型马蹄形断面基本方程进行数学变换,并对引入的无量纲参数与无量纲水深的关系进行分析及计算,应用拟合优化原理得到了其水力计算的直接计算公式.该公式不需分段和进行判别选取,直接可得到答案.在工程的适用范围内（即水深与顶拱半径之比：0.05≤h/r≤1.41）,计算正常水深的最大误差小于0.41%,计算临界水深的最大误差小于0.20%.其成果对该断面形式的隧洞设计有一定参考价值.
Bibliography:water levels;models;optimization;Ⅱ type horseshoe cross-section with flat-bottom;normal water depth;critical water depth;direct calculation formula
11-2047/S
As one of the simplified type of the standard Ⅱ type horseshoe, the Ⅱ type horseshoe cross-section with flat bottom is one of the general used shape types for spillway tunnel and irrigation tunnel. However, the hydraulic calculation for this type tunnels has not been reported. Aiming at this problem, a new hydraulic calculation formula was proposed. The Ⅱ type horseshoe cross-section with flat bottom is consisted of four parts： one flat bottom, two side circular arc arch and one circular arc roof umbrella arch. This simplified horseshoe type is special suitable for the geological conditions with low foundation pressure. The characteristics of hydraulics and mechanics are between horseshoe-shaped and U-shaped arch. Due to the flat bottom, this type can keep a normal water flow regime, and a smoothly connection of the water flow before and behind the tunnel.
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.10.018