An Endogenous Carbon-Sensing Pathway Triggers Increased Auxin Flux and Hypocotyl Elongation

The local environment has a substantial impact on early seedling development. Applying excess carbon in the form of sucrose is known to alter both the timing and duration of seedling growth. Here, we show that sucrose changes growth patterns by increasing auxin levels and rootward auxin transport in...

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Published inPlant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 160; no. 4; pp. 2261 - 2270
Main Authors Lilley, Jodi L. Stewart, Gee, Christopher W., Sairanen, Ilkka, Ljung, Karin, Nemhauser, Jennifer L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Rockville, MD American Society of Plant Biologists 01.12.2012
Subjects
Arabidopsis - drug effects
Arabidopsis - growth & development
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Arabidopsis thaliana
Auxins
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Transport - drug effects
carbon
Carbon - metabolism
carbon dioxide enrichment
Cotyledons
DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION
Developmental Biology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene expression regulation
Genes, Plant - genetics
growth promotion
Hypocotyl - drug effects
Hypocotyl - growth & development
Hypocotyl - metabolism
Hypocotyls
Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism
Models, Biological
Nitrogen
photomorphogenesis
photosynthesis
Plant growth
Plant growth regulators
Plant physiology and development
Plant roots
Plant Roots - drug effects
Plant Roots - metabolism
Plants
seedling growth
Seedlings
Signal Transduction - drug effects
sucrose
Sucrose - pharmacology
transcription factors
Utvecklingsbiologi
Auxin
Endogenous
Hypocotyl
Plant physiology
Carbon
Elongation
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0032-0889
1532-2548
1532-2548
DOI10.1104/pp.112.205575

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Summary:The local environment has a substantial impact on early seedling development. Applying excess carbon in the form of sucrose is known to alter both the timing and duration of seedling growth. Here, we show that sucrose changes growth patterns by increasing auxin levels and rootward auxin transport in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Sucrose likely interacts with an endogenous carbon-sensing pathway via the PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) family of transcription factors, as plants grown in elevated carbon dioxide showed the same PIF-dependent growth promotion. Overexpression of PIF5 was sufficient to suppress photosynthetic rate, enhance response to elevated carbon dioxide, and prolong seedling survival in nitrogen-limiting conditions. Thus, PIF transcription factors integrate growth with metabolic demands and thereby facilitate functional equilibrium during photomorphogenesis.
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Some figures in this article are displayed in color online but in black and white in the print edition.
www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.112.205575
These authors contributed equally to the article.
This work was supported by the University of Washington Royalty Research Fund and the National Science Foundation (grant no. IOS–0919021), by the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems and the Swedish Research Council, by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program and the Seattle Chapter of the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation to J.L.S.L., and by a Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship from the American Society of Plant Biology and a College of Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Research Award to C.W.G.
The online version of this article contains Web-only data.
The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Jennifer L. Nemhauser (jn7@uw.edu).
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ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.112.205575