Bioactive hybrid metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanosensors for optical detection of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen

• Published in: The Science of the total environment Vol. 825; p. 153902
• Main Authors: Rabiee, Navid, Fatahi, Yousef, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Abbariki, Nikzad, Ojaghi, Amirhossein, Rabiee, Mohammad, Radmanesh, Fatemeh, Dinarvand, Rassoul, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Ashrafizadeh, Milad, Makvandi, Pooyan, Lima, Eder C., Saeb, Mohammad Reza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.06.2022
• Subjects: antigens; biocompatibility; Biosensing Techniques - methods; Biosensor; biosensors; cell viability; coordination polymers; COVID-19; COVID-19 infection; cytotoxicity; detection limit; environment; High-gravity technique; Humans; Metal-Organic Frameworks; microwave treatment; MOF-5; mortality; nanomaterials; porosity; porphyrins; Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen; roughness; SARS-CoV-2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry; toxicity testing; COVID-19; High-gravity technique; Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen; Biosensor; MOF-5
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153902

Fast, efficient, and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen is pivotal to control the spread and reduce the mortality of COVID-19. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of available nanobiosensors to detect recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen seems insufficient. As a proof-of-concept, MOF-5/CoNi2S4 is developed as a low-cost, safe, and bioactive hybrid nanostructure via the one-pot high-gravity protocol. Then, the porphyrin, H2TMP, was attached to the surface of the synthesized nanomaterial to increase the porosity for efficient detection of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. AFM results approved roughness in different ranges, including 0.54 to 0.74 μm and 0.78 to ≈0.80 μm, showing good physical interactions with the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. MTT assay was performed and compared to the conventional synthesis methods, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, and microwave-assisted methods. The synthesized nanodevices demonstrated above 88% relative cell viability after 24 h and even 48 h of treatment. Besides, the ability of the synthesized nanomaterials to detect the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen was investigated, with a detection limit of 5 nM. The in-situ synthesized nanoplatforms exhibited low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility, and appropriate tunability. The fabricated nanosystems seem promising for future surveys as potential platforms to be integrated into biosensors. [Display omitted] •One-pot synthesis of MOF-5/CoNi2S4 in assistance of high-gravity•Turning a toxic cobalt‑nickel-based nanoparticle into a non-toxic form•Highly sensitive recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen optical biosensor