Factors influencing livelihood strategy choice and food security among youths in Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 9; no. 4; p. e14735
• Main Authors: Mukwedeya, Bright, Mudhara, Maxwell
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Agriculture; capital; educational status; Food security; gender; Internet; land ownership; livelihood; Livelihoods; nutrition; Poverty; self-employment; social class; statistics; Unemployment; wages and remuneration; Youth; Zimbabwe; Zimbabwe; Youth; Agriculture; Poverty; Unemployment; Food security; Livelihoods
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14735

Several governments and development practitioners view youths as critical to the strategy of enhancing food and nutrition security and sustainable livelihoods in rural Africa. Despite youths being at the centre of food and nutrition security, their contribution to household food security remains understudied. The lack of such evidence has made it difficult to develop and implement effective and sustainable solutions to food insecurity and poverty in rural Africa. Thus, the study examines the factors influencing livelihood strategy choice and food security among youths in three districts of Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe. A total sample of 200 randomly selected youths was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that agriculture was the main livelihood strategy followed by remittance dependant, self-employment, migration, and cross-border trading. In terms of remuneration, cross-border trading was found to be the most remunerative livelihood strategy followed by remittance dependant, self-employment, migration, and agriculture. The youths associated their choice of livelihood strategy with factors such as gender, age, land ownership, access to the internet, social group membership, access to credit and level of education. The study also finds food insecurity, notably severe food insecurity to be a general characteristic among the respondents. The nature of the livelihood strategy of the youths, their socioeconomic characteristics and livelihood capital were found to significantly influence household food security. The study recommends that the government implements strategies to make agriculture a sustainable livelihood option and policies to support youth in the non-farm sector should be a priority.