施肥对宁夏盐化土壤油用向日葵产量与品质的影响

采用田间试验和测试分析相结合的方法,在宁夏银北盐化耕地设置油用向日葵氮磷钾肥效试验,探讨不同氮磷钾肥配比对油用向日葵干物质积累、养分吸收、产量与品质等的影响,为盐化土壤调控施肥和提高油用向日葵籽实产量与品质提供科学依据。结果表明,在盐化土壤条件下,氮磷钾肥处理的油用向日葵更具株型优势,其千粒重、单株结葵数、单株产量和籽粒产量明显增加,在氮磷钾肥基础上增加有机肥的处理还可明显提高氮磷钾的吸收量。同时,施用氮磷钾肥可使油用向日葵籽实脂肪含量增加,蛋白质含量下降,还可增加油酸和硬脂酸含量,降低亚油酸和棕榈酸含量。油用向日葵每形成100 kg籽实所需吸收氮（N）、磷（P2O5）、钾（K2O）分别为6....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业资源与环境学报 Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 565 - 570
Main Author 钱寅 何进宇 何文寿
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 25.12.2015
中国农业生态环境保护协会
Subjects
产量
品质
氮磷钾肥
油用向日葵
盐化土壤
油用向日葵
产量
氮磷钾肥
品质
盐化土壤
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ISSN2095-6819
2095-6819

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Summary:采用田间试验和测试分析相结合的方法,在宁夏银北盐化耕地设置油用向日葵氮磷钾肥效试验,探讨不同氮磷钾肥配比对油用向日葵干物质积累、养分吸收、产量与品质等的影响,为盐化土壤调控施肥和提高油用向日葵籽实产量与品质提供科学依据。结果表明,在盐化土壤条件下,氮磷钾肥处理的油用向日葵更具株型优势,其千粒重、单株结葵数、单株产量和籽粒产量明显增加,在氮磷钾肥基础上增加有机肥的处理还可明显提高氮磷钾的吸收量。同时,施用氮磷钾肥可使油用向日葵籽实脂肪含量增加,蛋白质含量下降,还可增加油酸和硬脂酸含量,降低亚油酸和棕榈酸含量。油用向日葵每形成100 kg籽实所需吸收氮（N）、磷（P2O5）、钾（K2O）分别为6.1～9.6、3.2～3.8、12.3～13.7 kg,其比例约为1∶0.40～0.55∶1.43～2.09,平均为1∶0.49∶1.79。
Bibliography:salted soil; oil sunflower; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; yield; quality
12-1437/S
Combining field trial with test analysis, a nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P2O5） and potassium （K2O） fertilizer experiment of oil sun- flowers was set to explore the influence of different ratio of N, P, K fertilizer on dry matter accumulation of oil sunflowers, nutrient absorption and accumulation, the yield and quality, etc in salted soil of the northern Ningxia, in order to provide scientific evidence for regulating and controlling of fertilization in the salted soil and enhancing the yields and quality of oil sunflowers. The results showed that： in the salted soil, the plant which had been disposed by N, P, K fertilizer had more advantages, the 1000-grain weight, fruit quantity of each oil sunflower and yield per plant and hectare all increased significantly. Treatment of adding the organic fertilizer on the basis of N, P, K fertilizer could also in- crease the amount of N, P, K absorption significantly. At the sa
ISSN:2095-6819
2095-6819