Computational assessment of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity from 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests for clinical use for type 2 diabetes

• Published in: The journal of physiological sciences Vol. 61; no. 4; pp. 321 - 330
• Main Authors: Seike, Masayoshi, Saitou, Takeo, Kouchi, Yasuhiro, Ohara, Takeshi, Matsuhisa, Munehide, Sakaguchi, Kazuhiko, Tomita, Koji, Kosugi, Keisuke, Kashiwagi, Atsunori, Kasuga, Masato, Tomita, Masaru, Naito, Yasuhiro, Nakajima, Hiromu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Elsevier Inc 01.07.2011; Springer Japan
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Clinical use; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Electronic Data Processing - methods; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test - methods; Humans; Insulin - blood; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Insulin secretion; Insulin sensitivity; Male; Mathematical model; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; OGTT; Original Paper; Type 2 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes; Mathematical model; OGTT; Insulin sensitivity; Clinical use; Insulin secretion
• ISSN: 1880-6546; 1880-6562; 1880-6562
• DOI: 10.1007/s12576-011-0153-z

In type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucose homeostasis is tightly maintained through insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, finding an accurate method to assess insulin secretion and sensitivity using clinically available data would enhance the quality of diabetic medical care. In an effort to find such a method, we developed a computational approach to derive indices of these factors using a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). To evaluate our method, clinical data from subjects who received an OGTT and a glucose clamp test were examined. Our insulin secretion index was significantly correlated with an analogous index obtained from a hyperglycemic clamp test (r = 0.90, n = 46, p < 0.001). Our insulin sensitivity index sensitivity was also significantly correlated with an analogous index obtained from a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp test (r = 0.56, n = 79, p < 0.001). These results suggest that our method can potentially provide an accurate and convenient tool toward improving the management of diabetes in clinical practice by assessing insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.