Health economic costs of COPD in Sweden by disease severity – Has it changed during a ten years period?

• Published in: Respiratory medicine Vol. 107; no. 12; pp. 1931 - 1938
• Main Authors: Jansson, Sven-Arne, Backman, Helena, Stenling, Anna, Lindberg, Anne, Rönmark, Eva, Lundbäck, Bo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2013; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; BOLD; BURDEN; Consumer Price Index; COPD; Cost analysis; Cost of Illness; Early retirement; Female; Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa och socialmedicin; GLOBAL; Health Care Costs - trends; Health economic aspects of COPD; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; NORTHERN SWEDEN; OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG-DISEASE; PREVALENCE; Prospective Studies; Public Health, Global Health and Social Medicine; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - economics; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology; PULMONARY-DISEASE; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Respiratory diseases; Surveys and Questionnaires; Sweden - epidemiology; TRENDS; Sweden; GOLD; CI; OLIN; Health economic aspects of COPD; SEK; FEV1; Cost analysis; COPD; forced expiratory volume in 1 s; Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; FEV 1; confidence interval; Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden; Swedish Krona; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV
• ISSN: 0954-6111; 1532-3064; 1532-3064
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.07.012

The objectives of the presented study were to estimate societal costs of COPD in Sweden, the relationship between costs and disease severity, and possible changes in the costs during the last decade. Subjects with COPD derived from the general population in Northern Sweden were interviewed by telephone regarding their resource utilisation and productivity losses four times quarterly during 2009–10. Mean annual costs were estimated for each severity stage of COPD. A strong relationship was found between disease severity and costs. Estimated mean annual costs per subject of mild, moderate, severe and very severe COPD amounted to 596 (SEK 5686), 3245 (SEK 30,957), 5686 (SEK 54,242), and 17,355 euros (SEK 165,569), respectively. The main cost drivers for direct costs were hospitalisations (for very severe COPD) and drugs (all other severity stages). The main cost driver for indirect costs was productivity loss due to sick-leave (for mild COPD) and early retirement (all other severity stages). Costs appeared to be lower in 2010 than in 1999 for subjects with severe and very severe COPD, but higher for those with mild and moderate COPD. Our results show that costs of COPD are strongly related to disease severity, and scaling the data to the whole Swedish population indicates that the total costs in Sweden amounted to 1.5 billion euros (SEK 13.9 bn) in 2010. In addition, costs have decreased since 1999 for subjects with severe and very severe COPD, but increased for those with mild and moderate COPD.