粮食产量预测理论、方法与应用Ⅳ.粮食估产理论、模型及其应用

粮食估产的“通道-概率”理论:把属于最近通道的历年来的产量划分为5个气候年型通道,即丰产年、偏丰年、平产年、偏欠年、欠产年;计算产量出现在5个气候年型中的频率作为概率使用,估产年的初始估产值等于预测年各通道内平均产量与概率之积的和;估产值等于初始估产值与气候年型修正参数之积,专家根据当年气候条件和作物长势实时确定修正参数。预报单元为全国、省和县。应用结果表明:国家尺度上不需要修正,省和县级尺度需要气候年型参数修正;预测误差在3%以内;所述估产理论严谨、方法简单,参数少,参数来自原始数据本身和专家经验,易于推广使用。...

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Published in农业资源与环境学报 Vol. 31; no. 3; pp. 227 - 232
Main Author 米长虹 王农 黄治平 侯彦林 刘书田 郑宏艳 蔡彦明 夏维 王铄今 任军 王新民 侯显达
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 25.06.2014
中国农业生态环境保护协会
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Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2095-6819
2095-6819

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Summary:粮食估产的“通道-概率”理论:把属于最近通道的历年来的产量划分为5个气候年型通道,即丰产年、偏丰年、平产年、偏欠年、欠产年;计算产量出现在5个气候年型中的频率作为概率使用,估产年的初始估产值等于预测年各通道内平均产量与概率之积的和;估产值等于初始估产值与气候年型修正参数之积,专家根据当年气候条件和作物长势实时确定修正参数。预报单元为全国、省和县。应用结果表明:国家尺度上不需要修正,省和县级尺度需要气候年型参数修正;预测误差在3%以内;所述估产理论严谨、方法简单,参数少,参数来自原始数据本身和专家经验,易于推广使用。
Bibliography:MI Chang-hong, WANG Nong, HUANG Zhi-ping, HOU Yan-lin, LIU Shu-tian, ZHENG Hong-yan, CAI Yan-ming, XIA Wei, WANG Shuo-jin, REN Jun, WANG Xin-min, HOU Xian-da ( 1 .Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; 2.Beijing Research Center for Information Technol- ogy in Agriculture, Beijing 100089, China; 3.Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China; 4.Henan College of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450011, China; 5.Software Development and Service Center of Beijing Yours, Beijing 100089, China)
12-1437/S
grain;grain estimating;theory;methods;application
The channel probability theory’of grain yield estimation is defined as follows:the historical production which belongs to recent channel is divided into 5 climatic-year types, i.e. high yield year, partial harvest year, normal year, partial less year, a bad crop year. The frequency(or probability)for the year appeared in 5 climatic types is calculated. The initial value of estimation yield is e
ISSN:2095-6819
2095-6819