Membrane Mineralocorticoid but not Glucocorticoid Receptors of the Dorsal Hippocampus Mediate the Rapid Effects of Corticosterone on Memory Retrieval

• Published in: Neuropsychopharmacology Vol. 36; no. 13; pp. 2639 - 2649
• Main Authors: Dorey, Rodolphe, Piérard, Christophe, Shinkaruk, Svitlana, Tronche, Christophe, Chauveau, Frédéric, Baudonnat, Mathieu, Béracochéa, Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2011; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/378/1595/1554; 631/92/436/2387; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Biological and medical sciences; Biological Psychology; Cognition & reasoning; Corticosterone - analogs & derivatives; Corticosterone - metabolism; Corticosterone - pharmacology; Disease Models, Animal; Experiments; Hippocampus - drug effects; Hippocampus - metabolism; Hippocampus - physiopathology; Life Sciences; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Memory; Memory - drug effects; Memory - physiology; Memory Disorders - chemically induced; Memory Disorders - metabolism; Memory Disorders - physiopathology; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurosciences; Original; original-article; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmacology; Pharmacotherapy; Psychiatry; Receptors, Glucocorticoid - physiology; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid - physiology; Serum Albumin, Bovine - pharmacokinetics; Steroids; Stress, Psychological - complications; Stress, Psychological - metabolism; Stress, Psychological - physiopathology; France; Cort–BSA; stress; hippocampus; corticosterone; memory retrieval; membrane glucocorticoid receptors; Memory retrieval; Steroid hormone; Corticosterone; Mineralocorticoid; Central nervous system; Glucocorticoid; Stress; Encephalon; Membrane receptor; Cort-BSA; Adrenal hormone; Glucocorticoid receptor; Hippocampus; Hormonal receptor; Biological receptor; RU 28318; Mood; RU 38486; membranar glucocorticoids receptors; Psychopharmacology; Anxiety; Learning & Memory; Neuropharmacology; Stress Disorders
• ISSN: 0893-133X; 1740-634X; 1740-634X; 0007-0920
• DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.152

This study was aimed at determining the type of the glucocorticoid membrane receptors (mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) or glucocorticoid receptors (GRs)) in the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) involved in the rapid effects of corticosterone or stress on memory retrieval. For that purpose, we synthesized corticosterone–3- O -carboxymethyloxime–bovine serum albumin conjugate (Cort–3CMO–BSA) conjugate (a high MW complex that cannot cross the cell membrane) totally devoid of free corticosterone, stable in physiological conditions. In a first experiment , we evidenced that an acute stress (electric footshocks) induced both a dHPC corticosterone rise measured by microdialysis and memory retrieval impairment on delayed alternation task. Both the endocrinal and cognitive effects of stress were blocked by metyrapone (a corticosterone synthesis inhibitor). In a second experiment , we showed that bilateral injections of either corticosterone or Cort–3CMO–BSA in dHPC 15 min before memory testing produced impairments similar to those resulting from acute stress. Furthermore, we showed that anisomycin (a protein synthesis inhibitor) failed to block the deleterious effect of Cort–3CMO–BSA on memory. In a third experiment , we evidenced that intra-hippocampal injection of RU-28318 (MR antagonist) but not of RU-38486 (GR antagonist) totally blocked the Cort–3CMO–BSA-induced memory retrieval deficit. In a fourth experiment , we demonstrated that RU-28318 administered 15 min before stress blocked the stress-induced memory impairments when behavioral testing occurred 15 min but not 60 min after stress. Overall, this study provides strong in vivo evidence that the dHPC membrane GRs, mediating the rapid and non-genomic effects of acute stress on memory retrieval, are of MR but not GR type.