Glutamate metabolism and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

HIV-1 infection can lead to neurocognitive impairment collectively known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Although combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) has significantly ameliorated HIV’s morbidity and mortality, persistent neuroinflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction conti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of neurovirology Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 315 - 331
Main Authors Vázquez-Santiago, Fabián J., Noel, Richard J., Porter, James T., Rivera-Amill, Vanessa
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Boston Springer US 01.08.2014
Subjects
AIDS Dementia Complex - metabolism
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Glutamic Acid - metabolism
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Neurology
Neurosciences
Review
Virology
Neuropathogenesis
HIV
Glutamate
Astrocytes
HAND
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ISSN1355-0284
1538-2443
1538-2443
DOI10.1007/s13365-014-0258-2

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Summary:HIV-1 infection can lead to neurocognitive impairment collectively known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Although combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) has significantly ameliorated HIV’s morbidity and mortality, persistent neuroinflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction continue. This review focuses on the current clinical and molecular evidence of the viral and host factors that influence glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity and neuropathogenesis as an important underlying mechanism during the course of HAND development. In addition, discusses potential pharmacological strategies targeting the glutamatergic system that may help prevent and improve neurological outcomes in HIV-1-infected subjects.
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ISSN:1355-0284
1538-2443
1538-2443
DOI:10.1007/s13365-014-0258-2