Augmented Ensemble Model (AEM) for health trends prediction on social networks

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 20; no. 6; p. e0323449
• Main Authors: Saini, Sonia, Agarwal, Ruchi, Singh, S.P., Gupta, Punit, Vidhyarthi, Ankit, Verma, Rohit
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 05.06.2025; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Accuracy; Algorithms; Analysis; Business metrics; Classification; Clustering; Computational linguistics; Computer and Information Sciences; Data analysis; Data augmentation; Data exchange; Datasets; Diabetes; Digital media; Embedding; Health care; Hospitals; Humans; Influence; Language processing; Learning algorithms; Machine learning; Medical personnel; Medical records; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Natural language interfaces; Natural language processing; Neural networks; Pharmaceutical industry; Physical Sciences; Research and Analysis Methods; Social interactions; Social Media; Social Networking; Social networks; Social organization; Social Sciences; Streaming; Support vector machines; Text categorization; Time trends (Statistics); Trends; Vernacular names; Well being; Words (language); India
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323449

Social Media has given an exponential rise to an ever-connected world. Health data that was earlier viewed as hospital records or clinical records is now being shared as text over social media. Information and updates regarding the outbreak of a pandemic, clinical visit results, general health updates, etc., are being analyzed. The data is now shared more frequently in various formats such as images, text, documents, and videos. With fast streaming systems and no constraints on storage spaces, all this shared rich media data is quite voluminous and informative. For shared health data such as discussions on ailments, hospital visits, general health well-being updates, and drug research updates via official Twitter handles of various pharmaceutical companies and healthcare organizations, a unique level of challenge is posed for analysis of this data. The text indicating the ailment often varies from proper medical jargon to common names for the same, whereas the intent is the same in predicting the disease or ailment term. This paper focuses on how we can extract and analyze health-related data exchanged on social media and introduce an Augmented Ensemble Model (AEM), which identifies the frequently shared topics and discussions about health on social networks, to predict the emerging health trends. The analytical model works with chronological datasets to deduce text classification of topics related to health. This Hybrid Model uses text data augmentation to address class imbalance for health terms and further employs a clustering technique for location-based aggregation. An algorithm for health terms Word Vector Embedding model is formulated. This Word Vector model is further used in Text Data Augmentation to reduce the class imbalance. We evaluate the accuracy of the classifiers by constructing a Machine Learning pipeline. For our Augmented Ensemble Model, the Text classification accuracy is evaluated after the augmentation using a voting ensemble technique, and a greater accuracy has been observed. Emerging health trends are analyzed via temporal classification and location-wise aggregation of the health terms. This model demonstrates that a Text Augmented Ensemble Machine Learning approach for health topics is more efficient than the conventional Machine Learning classification technique(s).