The oral microbiome, pancreatic cancer and human diversity in the age of precision medicine

• Published in: Microbiome Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 93 - 14
• Main Authors: Herremans, Kelly M., Riner, Andrea N., Cameron, Miles E., McKinley, Kelley L., Triplett, Eric W., Hughes, Steven J., Trevino, Jose G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central 15.06.2022; BMC
• Subjects: Age; Alzheimer's disease; Bacteria; Bioinformatics; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer; Carcinogenesis; Disease prevention; Disparities; Dysbacteriosis; Dysbiosis - microbiology; Genetics; Genotypes; Gum disease; Humans; Medical Microbiology; Medical research; Microbial Ecology; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microbiota - genetics; Microorganisms; Mortality; Mouth - microbiology; Next-generation sequencing; Oral cavity; Oral health; Oral hygiene; Pancreatic cancer; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms - microbiology; Pathophysiology; Patients; Periodontitis; Precision Medicine; Review; Smoking; Systemic diseases; Tumors; Variables; Virology; United States > US; Microbiota; Periodontitis; Race; Genetics; Disparities; Socioeconomics; Oral health; Cancer; Smoking
• ISSN: 2049-2618; 2049-2618
• DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01262-7

Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with limited diagnostic and treatment options. Not all populations are affected equally, as disparities exist in pancreatic cancer prevalence, treatment and outcomes. Recently, next-generation sequencing has facilitated a more comprehensive analysis of the human oral microbiome creating opportunity for its application in precision medicine. Oral microbial shifts occur in patients with pancreatic cancer, which may be appreciated years prior to their diagnosis. In addition, pathogenic bacteria common in the oral cavity have been found within pancreatic tumors. Despite these findings, much remains unknown about how or why the oral microbiome differs in patients with pancreatic cancer. As individuals develop, their oral microbiome reflects both their genotype and environmental influences. Genetics, race/ethnicity, smoking, socioeconomics and age affect the composition of the oral microbiota, which may ultimately play a role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain the oral dysbiosis found in patients with pancreatic cancer though they have yet to be confirmed. With a better understanding of the interplay between the oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer, improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches may be implemented to reduce healthcare disparities. 2G5qBkXUaGmhwjAL-oF5zn Video Abstract