Dietary polyphenols and their relationship to the modulation of non-communicable chronic diseases and epigenetic mechanisms: A mini-review

• Published in: Food chemistry. Molecular sciences Vol. 6; p. 100155
• Main Authors: Borsoi, Felipe Tecchio, Neri-Numa, Iramaia Angélica, de Oliveira, Williara Queiroz, de Araújo, Fabio Fernandes, Pastore, Glaucia Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 30.07.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Bioactive compounds; DNA methylation; from the Special Issue ‘Polyphenols in the development of functional foods and impact on health and nutrition in South and Central Americas’ by Cinthia Betim and Lilian Mariutti; Gut microbiota modulation; Histone modifications; Oxidative stress; Personalized nutrition; APP; TET; CPT; OGG1; ATP2A3; PTEN; ARH-I; ncRNA; DNMT; PPAR; CDH1; OCT1; POE3A; PAI-1; CDKN; DAPK1; RASSF1A; IGFBP3; ADAM10; CREBH; PRKCA; Histone modifications; oAβ-induced-LTP; PHOSPHO1; ADRB3; ARF; TNNT2; PLIN1; SAH; ATF6; SAM; HDAC; Oxidative stress; NAFLD; lncRNA; TPA; GSTP1; DOT1L; SREBP-1C; 8-oxodG; HSD11B2; SD; SOCS3; DANT2; Bioactive compounds; DNA methylation; ABCG; Gut microbiota modulation; PPARGC1A; BCL2L14; MBD4; TCF7L2; MGMT; Personalized nutrition; ARHGAP24; GFAP; TBX2; GDNF; IGT; FAS; HAT; EWASs; KCNK3; EZH2; SAM, S-adenosyl-methionine; CDKN, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor; TNNT2, cardiac muscle troponin T; ARF, auxin response factor; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; DANT2, DXZ4 associated non-noding transcript 2, distal; ABCG, ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; PHOSPHO1, Phosphoethanolamine/Phosphocholine Phosphatase 1; OCT1, Organic cation transporter 1; OGG1, 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase; SAH, S -adenosyl-l-homocysteine; oAβ-induced-LTP, oligomeric amyloid-beta induced long term potentiation; TBX2, t-box transcription factor 2; DAPK1, death-associated protein kinase 1; MGMT, O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; CREBH, cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein H; POE3A, RNA polymerase III; HSD11B2, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2; 8-oxodG, 8-oxo-2́deosyguanosine; CPT, carnitine palmitoyltransferase; ADRB3, adrenoceptor Beta 3; TET, ten-eleven translocation proteins; IGFBP3, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; BCL2L14, apoptosis facilitator Bcl-2-like protein 14; SREBP-1C, sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1C; CDH1, cadherin-1; KCNK3, potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K Member 3; SOCS3, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; HAT, histone acetylases; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; ATF6, activating transcription factor 6; ATP2A3, ATPase Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Transporting 3; NAFLD, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PLIN1, perilipin 1; TPA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; HDAC, histone deacetylases; ARHGAP24, Rho GTPase Activating Protein 24; RASSF1A, Ras association domain family member 1; EZH2, Enhancer of zeste homolog 2; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; ADAM10, α-secretase; APP, amyloid-β precursor protein; GSTP1, Glutathione S-transferases P1; TCF7L2, transcription factor 7 like 2; DOT1L, disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like; PRKCA, Protein kinase C alpha; ARH-I, aplysia ras homology member I; PPARGC1A, PPARG coactivator 1 alpha; FAS, Fas cell Surface Death Receptor; EWASs, epigenome-wide association studies; GFAP, glial fibrillary acid protein; ncRNA, non-coding RNA; GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; DNMT, DNA methyltransferase; MBD4, methyl-CpG binding domain 4; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue; SD, sleep deprivation
• ISSN: 2666-5662; 2666-5662
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100155

[Display omitted] •NCDs represent growing global health and economic burden.•Polyphenols have been associated with minimizing oxidative stress and inflammation.•The gut microbiota and microbial metabolites are mediators of epigenetic changes.•Polyphenols can modulate gene expression and modify epigenetic alterations in NCDs.•Polyphenols represent a great step toward designing new drugs and managing NCDs. Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have been considered a global health problem, characterized as diseases of multiple factors, which are developed throughout life, and regardless of genetics as a risk factor of important relevance, the increase in mortality attributed to the disease to environmental factors and the lifestyle one leads. Although the reactive species (ROS/RNS) are necessary for several physiological processes, their overproduction is directly related to the pathogenesis and aggravation of NCDs. In contrast, dietary polyphenols have been widely associated with minimizing oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition to their antioxidant power, polyphenols have also drawn attention for being able to modulate both gene expression and modify epigenetic alterations, suggesting an essential involvement in the prevention and/or development of some pathologies. Therefore, this review briefly explained the mechanisms in the development of some NCDs, followed by a summary of some evidence related to the interaction of polyphenols in oxidative stress, as well as the modulation of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the management of NCDs.