Neural substrates of rumination tendency in non-depressed individuals

• Published in: Biological psychology Vol. 103; pp. 195 - 202
• Main Authors: Piguet, Camille, Desseilles, Martin, Sterpenich, Virginie, Cojan, Yann, Bertschy, Gilles, Vuilleumier, Patrik
• Format: Journal Article Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.12.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Attention - physiology; Behavioral psychophysiology; Biological and medical sciences; Brain - physiology; Brain Mapping; Cognition - physiology; Depression; Entorhinal Cortex - physiology; Female; fMRI; Functional Neuroimaging; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human health sciences; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical sciences; Miscellaneous; Mood disorders; Obsessive Behavior - physiopathology; Psychiatrie; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Resting state; RRS; Rumination; Sciences de la santé humaine; Thinking; Visual Cortex - physiology; Young Adult; fMRI; Depression; RRS; Resting state; Rumination; Mood disorder; Rest; Central nervous system; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; Encephalon; Functional imaging
• ISSN: 0301-0511; 1873-6246; 1873-6246
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.09.005

•Correlation between tendency to ruminate and brain activity.•Healthy subjects show activity in entorhinal cortex both at rest and during cognitive task.•Depends on level of cognitive load.•Lower tendency to ruminate correlate with activity in visual areas. The tendency to ruminate, experienced by both healthy individuals and depressed patients, can be quantified by the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). We hypothesized that brain activity associated with rumination tendency might not only occur at rest but also persist to some degree during a cognitive task. We correlated RRS with whole-brain fMRI data of 20 healthy subjects during rest and during a face categorization task with different levels of cognitive demands (easy or difficult conditions). Our results reveal that the more subjects tend to ruminate, the more they activate the left entorhinal region, both at rest and during the easy task condition, under low attentional demands. Conversely, lower tendency to ruminate correlates with greater activation of visual cortex during rest and activation of insula during the easy task condition. These results indicate a particular neural marker of the tendency to ruminate, corresponding to increased spontaneous activity in memory-related areas, presumably reflecting more internally driven trains of thoughts even during a concomitant task. Conversely, people who are not prone to ruminate show more externally driven activity.