Clinical and Virological Efficacy of Etravirine Plus Two Active Nucleos(t)ide Analogs in an Heterogeneous HIV-Infected Population
Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to asse...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 9; no. 5; p. e97262 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
16.05.2014
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0097262 |
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| Abstract | Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9-92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0-89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1-99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7-99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1-2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9–92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0–89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1–99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7–99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1–2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241 Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9-92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0-89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1-99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7-99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1-2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity.UNLABELLEDEtravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9-92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0-89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1-99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7-99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1-2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241. Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9-92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0-89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1-99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7-99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1-2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241. Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI 95, 83.9–92.1%) and 77.4% (CI 95 , 65.0–89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI 95 , 95.1–99.3%) and 90.5% (CI 95 , 81.7–99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1–2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241 Etravirine (ETV) is recommended in combination with a boosted protease inhibitor plus an optimized background regimen for salvage therapy, but there is limited experience with its use in combination with two nucleos(t)ide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This multicenter study aimed to assess the efficacy of this combination in two scenarios: group A) subjects without virologic failure on or no experience with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) switched due to adverse events and group B) subjects switched after a virologic failure on an efavirenz- or nevirapine-based regimen. The primary endpoint was efficacy at 52 weeks analysed by intention-to-treat. Virologic failure was defined as the inability to suppress plasma HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks on treatment, or a confirmed viral load >200 copies/mL in patients who had previously achieved a viral suppression or had an undetectable viral load at inclusion. Two hundred eighty seven patients were included. Treatment efficacy rates in group A and B were 88.0% (CI95, 83.9-92.1%) and 77.4% (CI95, 65.0-89.7%), respectively; the rates reached 97.2% (CI95, 95.1-99.3%) and 90.5% (CI95, 81.7-99.3), by on-treatment analysis. The once-a-day ETV treatment was as effective as the twice daily dosing regimen. Grade 1-2 adverse events were observed motivating a treatment switch in 4.2% of the subjects. In conclusion, ETV (once- or twice daily) plus two analogs is a suitable, well-tolerated combination both as a switching strategy and after failure with first generation NNRTIs, ensuring full drug activity.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01437241. |
| Author | López-Ruz, Miguel A. Romero-Palacios, Alberto Garcia-Lázaro, Milagros Viciana, Pompeyo López-Cortés, Luis F. Girón-González, José A. Lozano, Fernando Delgado-Fernández, Marcial Téllez-Pérez, Francisco Mohamed-Balghata, Mohamed O. Márquez-Solero, Manuel Martinez-Perez, Maria A. de la Torre-Lima, Javier |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain 9 Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy 11 Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain 5 Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain 10 Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain 12 Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain 4 Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain 8 Hospital La Línea, Cádiz, Spain 1 Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain 2 Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain 13 Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain 6 Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain 7 Hospital Costa del Sol, Málaga, Spain |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy – name: 2 Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain – name: 3 Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain – name: 6 Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain – name: 7 Hospital Costa del Sol, Málaga, Spain – name: 8 Hospital La Línea, Cádiz, Spain – name: 13 Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain – name: 1 Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain – name: 10 Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain – name: 4 Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain – name: 9 Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain – name: 12 Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain – name: 5 Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain – name: 11 Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Luis F. surname: López-Cortés fullname: López-Cortés, Luis F. – sequence: 2 givenname: Pompeyo surname: Viciana fullname: Viciana, Pompeyo – sequence: 3 givenname: José A. surname: Girón-González fullname: Girón-González, José A. – sequence: 4 givenname: Alberto surname: Romero-Palacios fullname: Romero-Palacios, Alberto – sequence: 5 givenname: Manuel surname: Márquez-Solero fullname: Márquez-Solero, Manuel – sequence: 6 givenname: Maria A. surname: Martinez-Perez fullname: Martinez-Perez, Maria A. – sequence: 7 givenname: Miguel A. surname: López-Ruz fullname: López-Ruz, Miguel A. – sequence: 8 givenname: Javier surname: de la Torre-Lima fullname: de la Torre-Lima, Javier – sequence: 9 givenname: Francisco surname: Téllez-Pérez fullname: Téllez-Pérez, Francisco – sequence: 10 givenname: Marcial surname: Delgado-Fernández fullname: Delgado-Fernández, Marcial – sequence: 11 givenname: Milagros surname: Garcia-Lázaro fullname: Garcia-Lázaro, Milagros – sequence: 12 givenname: Fernando surname: Lozano fullname: Lozano, Fernando – sequence: 13 givenname: Mohamed O. surname: Mohamed-Balghata fullname: Mohamed-Balghata, Mohamed O. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24836963$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1111_hiv_12274 crossref_primary_10_3109_23744235_2015_1133927 crossref_primary_10_1177_2050312116686482 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0160087 |
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| Copyright | 2014 López-Cortés et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2014 López-Cortés et al 2014 López-Cortés et al |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0097262 |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: LFLC. Performed the experiments: LFLC PV JAGG ARP MMS MAMP MALR JdlTL FTP MDF MGL FL MMB. Analyzed the data: LFLC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LFLC PV JAGG ARP MMS MAMP MALR JdlTL FTP MDF MGL FL MMB. Wrote the paper: LFLC. Other: Interpretation of the data: LFLC. Collection, assembly of data and database management: LFLC. Provision of data and patients: LFLC PV JAGG ARP MMS MAMP MALR JdlTL FTP MDF MGL FL MMB. Drafting of the article: LFLC. Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: PV JAGG ARP MMS MAMP MALR JdlTL FTP MDF MGL FL MMB. Final approval of the article: LFLC PV JAGG ARP MMS MAMP MALR JdlTL FTP MDF MGL FL MMB. Competing Interests: The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: The authors have not conflicts of interest related to this manuscript. However, Luis F. López-Cortés, Pompeyo Viciana, José A. Girón-González, Manuel Márquez-Solero, Javier de la Torre-Lima, Marcial Delgado-Fernández, and Fernando Lozano have received honoraria for speaking at symposia organized on behalf of Abbott laboratories (Spain), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glaxo Smithkline, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag España, Merck Sharp & Dohme España, Roche Pharma SA, and ViiV Healthcare. Also, they have received unrestricted funds for research from Abbott Laboratories (Spain), Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo Smithkline, Roche Pharma S.A., and ViiV Healthcare. |
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| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
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| SubjectTerms | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Analogs Antiretroviral drugs Biology and Life Sciences Drug resistance Drug Therapy, Combination Efavirenz Effectiveness Endpoint Determination Failure analysis Gene Expression Regulation, Viral - drug effects HIV HIV Infections - drug therapy Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Kaplan-Meier Estimate Medicine and health sciences Motivation Mutation Nevirapine Patients Protease inhibitors Proteinase inhibitors Pyridazines - adverse effects Pyridazines - pharmacology Pyridazines - therapeutic use Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - adverse effects Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - pharmacology Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - therapeutic use Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA, Viral - metabolism Salvage Salvage Therapy - methods Spain Treatment Outcome |
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