Monitoring peripheral hemodynamic response to changes in blood pressure via photoacoustic imaging

• Published in: Photoacoustics (Munich) Vol. 26; p. 100345
• Main Authors: Mantri, Yash, Dorobek, Tyler R., Tsujimoto, Jason, Penny, William F., Garimella, Pranav S., Jokerst, Jesse V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Elsevier GmbH 01.06.2022; Elsevier
• Subjects: Blood pressure; Chronic kidney disease; Dialysis; Hypertension; Optoacoustic imaging; Perfusion; Hypertension; ESKD; TcOM; Chronic kidney disease; BP; LDI; fMRI; Perfusion; Dialysis; Blood pressure; HD; CKD; Optoacoustic imaging; fMRI, Functional magnetic resonance imaging; CKD, Chronic kidney disease; HD, Hemodialysis; BP, Blood pressure; TcOM, Transcutaneous oxygen monitoring; LDI, Laser doppler imaging; ESKD, End stage kidney disease
• ISSN: 2213-5979; 2213-5979
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100345

Chronic wounds and amputations are common in chronic kidney disease patients needing hemodialysis (HD). HD is often complicated by drops in blood pressure (BP) called intra-dialytic hypotension. Whether intra-dialytic hypotension is associated with detectable changes in foot perfusion, a risk factor for wound formation and impaired healing remains unknown. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is ideally suited to study perfusion changes. We scanned the feet of 20 HD and 11 healthy subjects. HD patients were scanned before and after a dialysis session whereas healthy subjects were scanned twice at rest and once after a 10 min exercise period while BP was elevated. Healthy (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) and HD subjects (r = 0.43, p < 0.01) showed a significant correlation between PA intensity and systolic BP. Furthermore, HD cohort showed a significantly reduced PA response to changes in BP compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.0001), showing that PA can monitor hemodynamic changes due to changes in BP.