The effects of hypothermia on glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid metabolism during ischemia in monkeys: a repeated-measures ANOVA study

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 14470 - 12
• Main Authors: Liu, Bo-hu, Pu, Jun, Li, Ze-qi, Zhang, Xiao-ran
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 25.08.2022; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/617/375/3183; 692/617/375/534; Amino acid sequence; Amino acids; Animal models; Carotid artery; Excitotoxicity; High-performance liquid chromatography; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hypothermia; Ischemia; Liquid chromatography; multidisciplinary; Neurotoxicity; Neurotransmitters; Perfusion; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Statistical methods; Stroke; Variance analysis; Within-subjects design; γ-Aminobutyric acid
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18783-8

During an ischemic stroke, the brain releases various factors, including glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid. Glutamate can cause neurotoxic effects through certain receptors and exacerbate neurological damage, while γ-aminobutyric acid as an inhibitory neurotransmitter can antagonize the excitotoxic effects of glutamate and enhance the tolerance of neurons to ischemia. Therefore, in this study, the content of amino acid neurotransmitters in brain tissue before ischemia, after 10 min of ischemia, hypothermic perfusion, and rewarming were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-UV in an animal model of ischemic stroke generated by blocking the bilateral common carotid arteries of rhesus monkeys. The changes in amino acid neurotransmitters in the rhesus monkey brain during post-ischemia hypothermic perfusion and rewarming were investigated by statistical methods of repeated measures ANOVA, showing that the concentration change of glutamate had not only a temporal factor but also was influenced by temperature, and there was an interaction effect between the two. Time but not temperature affected the change in γ-aminobutyric acid concentration, and there was an interaction effect between the two. Accordingly, hypoperfusion exerts a protective effect during ischemia by inhibiting the release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters, while the antagonistic effect of GABA on Glu is not significant.