Incidental Gallbladder Carcinoma Diagnosed During or After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

• Published in: World journal of surgery Vol. 33; no. 12; pp. 2651 - 2656
• Main Authors: Zhang, Wei-Jie, Xu, Gui-Fang, Zou, Xiao-Ping, Wang, Wei-Bing, Yu, Jun-Chi, Wu, Guo-Zhong, Lu, Chun-Lei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer-Verlag 01.12.2009; Springer‐Verlag; Springer; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: Abdominal Surgery; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiac Surgery; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Female; Freeze Section Examination; Gallbladder - pathology; Gallbladder - surgery; Gallbladder Carcinoma; Gallbladder Neoplasms - diagnosis; Gallbladder Neoplasms - surgery; Gallbladder Wall; General aspects; General Surgery; Humans; Incidental Findings; Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - surgery; Papillary Adenocarcinoma; Prognosis; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Surgery; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the digestive system; Survival Analysis; Thoracic Surgery; Vascular Surgery; Gallbladder Carcinoma; Freeze Section Examination; Gallbladder Wall; Papillary Adenocarcinoma; Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; Cholecystectomy; Medicine; Endoscopic surgery; Carcinoma; Treatment; Digestive system; Gallbladder; Malignant tumor; Diagnosis; Cancer
• ISSN: 0364-2313; 1432-2323; 1432-2323
• DOI: 10.1007/s00268-009-0218-9

Background Gallbladder carcinoma (GC) is a highly lethal neoplasm. With the increase of cholecystectomies since the wide acceptance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the incidental diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma is more frequent. The aim of the present study was to report our experience with GC diagnosed during or after the performance of LC. Methods A total of 10,466 LCs were carried out from January 1999 to December 2007 in our hospital. Records of patients with incidental carcinoma were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results Of all the patients, 20 (0.19%) were histopathologically diagnosed as having a GC. There were 4 men and 16 women; the median age in this group was 65.7 years (range: 37–81 years).The depth of cancer invasion was: pTis (4 cases), pT1a (2 cases), pT1b (2 cases), pT2 (6 cases), pT3 (4 cases), and pT4 (2 cases). The sensitivity and specificity of intraoperatively frozen section examination were 83.3 and 100%, respectively. Patients with in situ, pT1a and pT1b tumors underwent LC only, and there were no recurrences. The survival rate between patients with GC diagnosed during or after LC showed no difference; it was dependent on the depth of cancer invasion. Conclusions The survival with incidental GC is related to stage, and it validates that a carefully performed LC is adequate treatment for carcinoma in situ, and stage 1a and b cancer. A frozen section examination was helpful but did not provide a definitive diagnosis. Meticulous techniques during LC, including retrieval of the gallbladder in a retrieval bag, may prevent port-site recurrence and intraperitoneal dissemination.