Treatment of Blepharospasm and Oromandibular Dystonia with Botulinum Toxins

• Published in: Toxins Vol. 12; no. 4; p. 269
• Main Authors: Hassell, Travis J.W., Charles, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22.04.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: AbobotulinumtoxinA; blepharospasm; Blepharospasm - drug therapy; Blepharospasm - epidemiology; Botulinum toxin; Botulinum Toxins - therapeutic use; Care and treatment; Clinical trials; Dopamine; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders - drug therapy; Dystonic Disorders - epidemiology; Epidemiology; Eyelid diseases; Humans; Mandibular Diseases - drug therapy; Mandibular Diseases - epidemiology; Medical research; Medical Subject Headings-MeSH; Medicine, Experimental; Meige syndrome; Movement disorders; Muscle contraction; Muscles; Muscular Diseases - drug therapy; Muscular Diseases - epidemiology; Muscular function; Neuromuscular Agents - therapeutic use; Neurotoxins; OnabotulinumtoxinA; oromandibular dystonia; Review; Site selection; Toxins; Trauma; United States; botulinum toxin; OnabotulinumtoxinA; DaxibotulinumtoxinA; RimabotulinumtoxinB; Meige syndrome; oromandibular dystonia; blepharospasm; AbobotulinumtoxinA; IncobotulinumtoxinA
• ISSN: 2072-6651; 2072-6651
• DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040269

Blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia are focal dystonias characterized by involuntary and often patterned, repetitive muscle contractions. There is a long history of medical and surgical therapies, with the current first-line therapy, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), becoming standard of care in 1989. This comprehensive review utilized MEDLINE and PubMed and provides an overview of the history of these focal dystonias, BoNT, and the use of toxin to treat them. We present the levels of clinical evidence for each toxin for both, focal dystonias and offer guidance for muscle and site selection as well as dosing.