The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

• Published in: European journal of nutrition Vol. 60; no. 2; pp. 1141 - 1148
• Main Authors: Park, Sanghee, Church, David D., Starck, Carlene, Schutzler, Scott E., Azhar, Gohar, Kim, Il-Young, Ferrando, Arny A., Moughan, Paul J., Wolfe, Robert R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: absorption; Actinidia; Amino acids; Beef; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; clinical trials; Cross-Over Studies; dietary protein; Dietary Proteins - metabolism; Digestion; Double-Blind Method; essential amino acids; Female; Fruit; ground beef; Humans; ingestion; kiwifruit; Leucine; Male; metabolic studies; Metabolism; muscles; Nutrition; Original Contribution; protein metabolism; Protein turnover; Proteinase; proteinases; Proteins; Proteolysis; Red Meat; Essential amino acids; Whole-body protein turnover; Muscle protein synthetic rate; Stable isotope tracers
• ISSN: 1436-6207; 1436-6215; 1436-6215
• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02363-5

Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males ( N  = 6) and females ( N  = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine ( P  < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the total amount of EAAs absorbed. As a result, there were no differences between kiwifruit in any of the measured parameters of protein kinetics. Conclusion Consumption of Hayward green kiwifruit, with a beef meal facilitates protein digestion and absorption of the constituent amino acids as compared to Hort 16A gold kiwifruit. Clinical trial NCT04356573, April 21, 2020 “retrospectively registered”.