Prediagnostic motor and non-motor symptoms in progressive supranuclear palsy: The step-back PSP study

• Published in: Parkinsonism & related disorders Vol. 74; pp. 67 - 73
• Main Authors: Painous, Cèlia, Martí, Maria J, Simonet, Cristina, Garrido, Alícia, Valldeoriola, Francesc, Muñoz, Esteban, Cámara, Ana, Compta, Yaroslau
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2020
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Behavioral Symptoms - etiology; Behavioral Symptoms - physiopathology; Case-Control Studies; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology; Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology; Female; Humans; Male; Motor; Non-motor; Parkinson Disease - complications; Parkinson Disease - diagnosis; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology; Prediagnostic; Prodromal Symptoms; PSP; Retrospective Studies; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - complications; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - diagnosis; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - physiopathology; Motor; PSP; Non-motor; Prediagnostic
• ISSN: 1353-8020; 1873-5126; 1873-5126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.03.003

Improved knowledge of the prediagnostic phase of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) might provide information on when and how the disease starts, along with the opportunity to test therapies in disease stages with lesser neurodegeneration. To explore the symptoms in years preceding the PSP diagnosis. This is a single-center retrospective case-control study based on clinical charts review and a structured interview to PSP patients and their caregivers. Prediagnostic symptoms were defined as those present more than one year before the diagnosis. We explored 35 symptoms in the following domains: visual, dizziness, motor, mood/apathy, cognitive, behavioral, sleep, gastrointestinal/urinary and miscellaneous. Non-parametric statistics were applied, with significance set at <0.05 (FDR-corrected). We included 150 subjects: 50 PSP patients (38% females, age 75.8) and an age- and sex-matched control group of 50 Parkinson's disease (PD) and 50 subjects (CS) without neurodegenerative disease. The frequencies of visual, motor, cognitive, behaviour and dizziness domains were significantly higher in PSP vs. PD, and so were the motor, mood/apathy, cognitive, behaviour and dizziness ones in PSP vs. CS. Over 50% of prediagnostic falls, apathy and anxiety, depression and memory-attention-executive symptoms, and over 30% of gait disturbances started more than three and up to ten years before the diagnosis. PSP patients had more consultations to ENT and ophthalmologists than PD patients. PSP patients present a broad variety of motor and non-motor symptoms several years before the diagnosis. The definition of a prediagnostic PSP phase might be helpful to identify patients in early disease stages. •Motor and non-motor prediagnostic PSP symptoms have not been studied in depth.•We retrospectively assessed prediagnostic symptoms in PSP vs. PD and controls.•Prediagnostic falls but also gait, cognitive and mood disturbances were more frequent in PSP.•These symptoms might help define prediagnostic PSP.•These might assist selection of enriched populations in future PSP research.