Dyslipidemia in Juvenile Dermatomyositis

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 26528 - 9
• Main Authors: Khojah, Amer, Morgan, Gabrielle, Kadakia, Arya, Klein-Gitelman, Marisa S., Pachman, Lauren M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 03.11.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/4023/1670; 692/4023/1670/246; 692/4023/1670/427; 692/4023/1670/595; 692/699/2743/2099; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomyositis; Dermatomyositis - blood; Dermatomyositis - complications; Dermatomyositis - epidemiology; Disease Activity scores; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - blood; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology; Fasting; Female; HDL; High density lipoprotein; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Juvenile Dermatomyositis; Lipids; Lipids - blood; Male; Metabolic disorders; multidisciplinary; Neopterin; Patients; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Severity of Illness Index; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - blood; HDL; Neopterin; Disease Activity scores; Juvenile Dermatomyositis; Dyslipidemia
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-77985-4

This study investigates the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with disease activity in children with Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM). A retrospective chart review of 142 JDM patients who had fasting lipid profiles was conducted. Clinical, and laboratory indicators of disease activity at the time of lipid assessment were obtained. JDM patients displayed a high prevalence (72%) of abnormal or borderline fasting lipid profiles, particularly involving HDL and triglycerides. Treatment-naïve patients exhibited the most significant dyslipidemia, with significantly lower median HDL levels compared to those on medication (30 vs. 49 mg/dL, p  < 0.0001). HDL levels inversely correlated with various disease activity measures, including disease activity score (DAS) total ( r = -0.38, p  < 0.001), DAS muscle weakness ( r = -0.5, p  < 0.001), DAS skin ( r = -0.25, p  = 0.003), neopterin ( r = -0.41, p  < 0.001), ESR ( r = -0.25, p  = 0.006), and vWF Ag ( r = -0.21, p  = 0.02). In conclusion, JDM patients have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia, especially low HDL and elevated triglycerides. The severity of dyslipidemia (low HDL) correlates with disease activity, with treatment-naïve patients demonstrating the lowest HDL levels. These findings suggest the importance of annual lipid profile monitoring in JDM patients, potentially followed by early interventions such as dietary adjustments and exercise programs.