Approximation of the two-fluid flow problem for viscoelastic fluids using the level set method and pressure enriched finite element shape functions

• Published in: Journal of non-Newtonian fluid mechanics Vol. 225; pp. 37 - 53
• Main Authors: Castillo, E., Baiges, J., Codina, R.
• Format: Journal Article Publication
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2015
• Subjects: 2-PHASE FLOW; COLLAPSE; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer simulation; CONFORMATION TENSOR; Discontinuity; Enginyeria mecànica; Enrichment; EQUATIONS; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION; Finite element method; Fluid flow; Fluids; FORMULATIONS; FREE-SURFACE FLOWS; Física; Física de fluids; Giesekus fluids; Jet buckling; Level set method; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; Mecànica de fluids; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; Oldroyd-B fluids; PLANAR CONTRACTION FLOW; Stabilized finite element methods; STOKES PROBLEM; Viscoelastic fluids; Àrees temàtiques de la UPC; Viscoelastic fluids; Jet buckling; Level set method; Oldroyd-B fluids; Giesekus fluids; Stabilized finite element methods
• ISSN: 0377-0257; 1873-2631; 1873-2631
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2015.09.004

•A two-fluid flow finite element stabilized formulation for viscoelastic fluids is presented.•Pressure shape functions are locally enriched to allow discontinuous pressure gradients at the fluids interface.•A discontinuity-capturing technique is implemented to deal with local oscillations.•A fractional step approach is adopted to reduce computational requirements.•The formulation is applied to Oldroyd-B and Giesekus fluids in jet-buckling problem and in a sloshing two-fluid problem. The numerical simulation of complex flows has been a subject of intense research in the last years with important industrial applications in many fields. In this paper we present a finite element method to solve the two immiscible fluid flow problems using the level set method. When the interface between both fluids cuts an element, the discontinuity in the material properties leads to discontinuities in the gradients of the unknowns which cannot be captured using a standard finite element interpolation. The method presented in this work features a local enrichment for the pressure unknowns which allows one to capture pressure gradient discontinuities in fluids presenting different density values. The method is tested on two problems: the first example consists of a sloshing case that involves the interaction of a Giesekus and a Newtonian fluid. This example shows that the enriched pressure functions permit the exact resolution of the hydrostatic rest state. The second example is the classical jet buckling problem used to validate our method. To permit the use of equal interpolation between the variables, we use a variational multiscale formulation proposed recently by Castillo and Codina (2014) [21], that has shown very good stability properties, permitting also the resolution of the jet buckling flow problem in the the range of Weissenberg number 0 < We < 100, using the Oldroyd-B model without any sign of numerical instability. Additional features of the work are the inclusion of a discontinuity capturing technique for the constitutive equation and some comparisons between a monolithic resolution and a fractional step approach to solve the viscoelastic fluid flow problem from the point of view of computational requirements.