Intragastric Balloon in the Emergency Department: An Unusual Cause of Gastric Outlet Obstruction

• Published in: The Journal of emergency medicine Vol. 46; no. 4; pp. e113 - e116
• Main Authors: Khalaf, Natalia I., Rawat, Anish, Buehler, Greg
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.2014
• Subjects: Device Removal - methods; Emergency; Emergency Service, Hospital; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastric Balloon - adverse effects; gastric bypass; Gastric Outlet Obstruction - etiology; Gastric Outlet Obstruction - therapy; Humans; intragastric balloon; Male; mechanical gastric outlet obstruction; Middle Aged; obesity; weight loss; weight loss; mechanical gastric outlet obstruction; intragastric balloon; gastric bypass; obesity
• ISSN: 0736-4679; 2352-5029
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.11.068

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Many strategies to promote weight loss, including medications and surgical techniques, have been developed; however, few have proven effective. As the rates of obesity and associated complications continue to climb, there is growing pressure on the medical community to develop less invasive procedures that can provide lasting weight loss results. One surgical treatment for obesity, available in several countries but not yet approved for use in the United States, is the intragastric balloon (IGB). The IGB is a temporary, space-occupying device placed endoscopically into the stomach to decrease gastric volume and provide a sense of early satiety. Our objective is to highlight potential complications of this device that emergency physicians should be familiar with, in particular, gastric outlet obstruction. We report the case of a morbidly obese 63-year-old Middle Eastern man who presented to an emergency department in Texas with mechanical gastric outlet obstruction 2 months after IGB placement. After three endoscopic attempts, the balloon was successfully removed and the obstruction relieved. With an increasingly mobile and obese global population, emergency physicians should be aware of weight loss procedures such as the IGB and appropriate time-sensitive management of high-risk complications.