Ejaculation Frequency and Prostate Cancer: CAPLIFE Study

• Published in: The world journal of men's health Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 724 - 733
• Main Authors: Lozano-Lorca, Macarena, Olmedo-Requena, Rocío, Barrios-Rodríguez, Rocío, Jiménez-Pacheco, Antonio, Vázquez-Alonso, Fernando, Castillo-Bueno, Helga-María, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel, Jiménez-Moleón, José Juan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Alcohol; caplife study; case-control studies; Diabetes; ejaculation; Erectile dysfunction; Family medical history; Hospitals; Longitudinal studies; Original; Prostate cancer; Questionnaires; sexual activity; Sexual behavior; Sociodemographics; Tumors; Urology; Vasectomy; Case-control studies; Sexual activity; CAPLIFE study; Prostate cancer; Ejaculation
• ISSN: 2287-4208; 2287-4690
• DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220216

To evaluate the association between ejaculation frequency (EF) during four stages of life and prostate cancer (PCa) according to tumor aggressiveness, PCa stage, and urinary symptomatology. A total of 456 incident PCa cases histologically confirmed, and 427 controls aged 40-80 years from the CAPLIFE study were analyzed. This study is a population-based case-control study carried out in the south of Spain. Average EF was measured for: (1) 20s, (2) 30s, (3) 40s, and (4) one year before the interview. EF was categorized into: (1) 0-3, (2) 4, and (3) >4 ejaculations/month. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical information were also collected. To estimate the association between EF and PCa, adjusted ORs (aORs) and 95% CIs were calculated by logistic regression models. A year before the interview, PCa cases ejaculated less frequently than the controls. An inverse association was observed between the EF a year before and PCa, aOR=1.64 (95% CI 1.03-2.61) for men with 4 ejaculations/month, and aOR=2.38 (95% CI 1.57-3.60) for men with 0-3 ejaculations/month, compared to men with >4. The association was higher for cases with ISUP 3-5 (aOR=2.76 [95% CI 1.34-5.67] for men with 0-3 ejaculations/month) or with a locally advanced-metastatic tumor (aOR=4.70 [95% CI 1.55-14.29]). Moreover, men with moderate urinary symptoms and 0-3 ejaculations/month had the highest risk, aOR=3.83 (95% CI 1.84-7.95). A low EF could be associated with a higher risk of PCa, especially for cases with ISUP 3-5 or with a locally advanced-metastatic tumor.