Effect of various Na/K ratios in low-salinity well water on growth performance and physiological response of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

• Published in: Chinese journal of oceanology and limnology Vol. 32; no. 5; pp. 991 - 999
• Main Author: 刘泓宇 谭北平 杨金芳 林颖博 迟淑艳 董晓慧 杨奇慧
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.09.2014; Science Press; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Ammonia; ammonium nitrogen; Animal populations; Biochemistry; Biology; Conversion ratio; Disease resistance; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Excretion; Feed conversion; Food conversion; Growth; growth performance; Hemocytes; Immunity; Litopenaeus; Litopenaeus vannamei; Marine; Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase; Oceanography; Osmoregulation; Oxygen consumption; Penaeidae; Physical growth; physiological response; Physiology; Potassium; Potassium chloride; Ratios; rearing; remediation; Respiratory burst; Salinity; Salinity effects; Shellfish; shrimp; Shrimps; Sodium; superoxide dismutase; Survival; survival rate; Vibrio harveyi; Water; weight gain; Well water; 低盐度水; 南美白对虾; 太平洋白对虾; 比值; 氯化钾; 生理反应; 生长性能; 钠; low-salinity well water; Na/K ratio; osmoregulation; immunity; nitrogen metabolism
• ISSN: 0254-4059; 2096-5508; 1993-5005; 2523-3521
• DOI: 10.1007/s00343-014-3345-6

To investigate the influence of sodium to potassium （Na/IO ratios on the growth performance and physiological response of the Pacific white shrimp （Litopenaeus vananmei）, various concentrations of KC1 were added to low-salinity well water （salinity 4） in an 8-week culture trial. Six treatments with NWK ratios of 60：1, 42：1, 33：1, 23：1, 17：1, and 14：1 were replicated in triplicate. The highest weight-gain rate （3 506±48）% and survival rate （89.38±0.88）% was observed in well water with Na/K ratios of 23：1 and 42：1, respectively, while the feed conversion ratio （1.02～0.01）, oxygen consumption, and ammonia-N excretion rate was the lowest in the medium with a Na/K ratio of 23：1. Gill Na＋-K＋-ATPase activity, as an indicator of osmoregulation, peaked in the treatment where the Na/K ratio was 17：1. The total hemocyte count, respiratory burst, and immune-related enzyme activities （ALP, LSZ, PO, and SOD） ofL. vananmei were affected significantly by Na/K ratios （P〈0.05）. After challenged with Vibrio harveyi, the cumulative mortality of shrimp reared in a Na/K ratio of 23：1 （30±14.14）% was significantly lower than the control （75～7.07）%. In conclusion, the addition of K＋ to low-salinity well water in L. vannamei cultures is feasible. Na/K ratios ranging from 23：1 to 33：1 might improve survival and growth. Immunity and disease resistance are also closely related to the Na/K ratio of the low-salinity well water. The findings may contribute to the development of more efficient K^＋ remediation strategies for L. vananmei culture in low-salinity well water.