Severe gestational diabetes mellitus in lean dams is associated with low IL-1α levels and affects the growth of the juvenile mouse offspring

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1700 - 14
• Main Authors: Mihalovičová, Lucia, Kunšteková, Veronika, Miláček, Dávid, Janko, Jakub, Pastorek, Michal, Konečná, Barbora, Gurecká, Radana, Rausová, Zuzana, Uličná, Oľga, Celec, Peter, Šebeková, Katarína
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 30.01.2023; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/136; 631/337; 631/443; 692/4017; 692/53; Adipose tissue; Adipose tissue (brown); Animals; Blood glucose; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes, Gestational - metabolism; Diet; Discriminant analysis; DNA; Factor analysis; Fast food; Female; Gestational diabetes; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Growth rate; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Kidneys; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Male; Mice; multidisciplinary; Nutrient deficiency; Obesity - complications; Offspring; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - metabolism; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Streptozocin; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28903-7

We investigated how maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) impacts the metabolic status of offspring. GDM was induced in CD1 mice consuming a fast-food diet (FFD) by repeated low-dose streptozotocin injections before mating. Offspring of normoglycemic standard chow or the FFD consuming dams served as controls. In 4-week-old offspring weaned to standard chow, plasma concentrations of extracellular DNA, inflammatory markers, and parameters of the cardiometabolic status (glycemia, liver lipid content; body, organ, and fat weight) were determined. Two-factor analysis of variance indicated that the male offspring of GDM dams manifest postnatal growth retardation and lower relative kidney weight. Regardless of sex, GDM offspring manifest the lowest IL-1α levels, and other inflammatory markers showed mild and inconsistent alterations. Offspring of dams consuming the FFD displayed higher liver triacylglycerols content. The three groups of offspring showed no significant differences in glycemia and extracellular DNA. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis indicated that male GDM offspring present lower kidney, body, and brown adipose tissue weights; lower IL-1α levels, and higher concentrations of GM-CSF and IL-10 compared with their FFD counterparts. The model failed to select discriminative variables in females. In conclusion, in mice, maternal GDM in the absence of obesity adversely affects the early growth of juvenile male offspring.