Comparison of response indices to toxic microcystin-LR in blood of mice

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 92; no. 5; pp. 563 - 569
• Main Authors: Huang, Xianing, Zhang, Yonglu, Xiao, Wenqing, Ye, Xiaoyan, Zhong, Qing, Gu, Kangding
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: administration & dosage; alanine transaminase; Alanine Transaminase - blood; alkaline phosphatase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood; aspartate transaminase; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; blood; blood serum; Chickens; Chromatography, Liquid; Cytokine; cytokines; Cytokines - blood; drug effects; enzyme activity; erythrocytes; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hematology; In vivo; Injections, Intraperitoneal; intraperitoneal injection; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood; lactate dehydrogenase; leukocytes; Leukocytes - drug effects; Leukocytes - pathology; Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; liver; Liver - drug effects; Liver - pathology; liver function; Male; Mass Spectrometry; metabolism; Mice; Microbiology; Microcystin-LR; Microcystins; Microcystins - administration & dosage; Microcystins - blood; Microcystins - pharmacokinetics; Microcystins - toxicity; Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains; pathology; Phagocytosis; Phagocytosis - drug effects; pharmacokinetics; reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Serum; toxicity; In vivo; Serum; Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; Hematology; Microcystin-LR; Cytokine; Biological fluid; Oxidative stress; Intraperitoneal administration; Chemical analysis; Oligopeptides; Leukocyte; Cyclic peptides; HPLC chromatography; Biological marker; Blood; Tissue; Cyanobacteria; Bacteria; Hemolysis; Coupled method; Liquid chromatography―mass spectrometry; Rodentia; Red blood cell; Microcystin; Toxin; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Microbial origin; Mouse; Animal; Blood serum; Mass spectrometry; Comparative study; Phagocytosis; Macrophage
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.006

•Used LC/MS to determine the internal load of MC-LR after exposed to the toxin.•Total MC-LR level in the liver is the most sensitive biomarker in 7d’s exposed mice.•ROS of leucocytes and other serum indices in blood were affected by MC-LR. In order to investigate the response indices to toxic microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in blood of mice, concentrations of free and total MC-LR in blood and tissues, accompanied by serous parameters in series including some enzymatic activities, hematology and the function of leukocytes, were determined in mice exposed to the toxin ranging from 3.125 to 25.000μgkg−1day−1 by intraperitoneal injection for 7days. On the 7th day, the ratios of mass of free MC-LR in serum to the mass of MC-LR in given dose were 3.843–4.555%, while the ratios of total MC-LR in liver were 34.465–38.567%. Comparing the overall experimental results, the three most sensitive indices are total MC-LR in the liver, the phagocytic index and reactive oxygen species (ROS) which have shown significant differences between the lowest dose group and the control group. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase had proportional correlations with the MC-LR exposure doses, and the hematology of the majority of blood cells and the volume of erythrocytes were also influenced by the toxin. The alterations of some cytokines and the ROS of leukocytes were observed. The results of the studies suggest that measurement of MC-LR in blood is powerful and clear evidence to indicate that subjects have been exposed to MC-LR and can be used to discriminate from other causes leading to hepatic lesions although it is not as sensitive as other indices that are usually as useful complements to reflect the liver function.