Hydrogels and electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds of N-methylene phosphonic chitosan as bioinspired osteoconductive materials for bone grafting

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers Vol. 87; no. 2; pp. 1354 - 1362
• Main Authors: Datta, Pallab, Dhara, Santanu, Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 15.01.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; biocompatibility; Biological and medical sciences; biomineralization; bone formation; chitosan; Crosslinkers; crosslinking; Electrospinning parameters; Exact sciences and technology; Gelation; gels; humans; hydrocolloids; Medical sciences; Mineralization; nanofibers; Natural polymers; osteoblasts; Osteoinduction; phosphoproteins; Physicochemistry of polymers; Starch and polysaccharides; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments; tissue culture; α-Amino phosphorylation; Electrospinning parameters; α-Amino phosphorylation; Mineralization; Crosslinkers; Gelation; Osteoinduction; Biological properties; Cell proliferation; Viscoelasticity; Aglycone; Electrospinning; Colloidal gel; Osteoblast; Biocompatibility; Biomaterial; Body fluid; Polymer blends; Biomineralization; Crosslinking; Experimental study; In vitro; Phosphorus polymer; Polyvinylalcohol; Chemical modification; Chitosan derivatives; Preparation; Mannich reaction; Oside polymer; Chitosan
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.023

► Genipin crosslinked N-methylene phosphonic chitosan (NMPC) in a concentration dependent manner. ► Solution property based optimization led to uniform NMPC blend nanofibers. ► Treatment of NMPC blend nanofibers with SBF provided a uniformly mineralized matrix. ► Both gelation and electrospinning processes led to bicompatible NMPC matrices suitable for bone graft applications. In this work, N-methylene phosphonic chitosan (NMPC) based hydrogels and electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are reported with objective to obtain osteoconductive and osteoinductive matrixes for bone grafting applications. NMPC, a phosphorylated derivative of chitosan, is known to mimic the function of non collagenous phosphoproteins in providing nucleation sites for biomineralization. NMPC hydrogels were prepared by crosslinking between NMPC and genipin. A detailed investigation of physicochemical properties of NMPC solutions is also carried out in order to obtain beads free nanofibers. Both NMPC gels and nanofibers were further evaluated for their biomineralization potential and biocompatibility with human osteoblast like cells. Results indicated that hydrogels and nanofibrous scaffolds NMPC are biocompatible and significantly osteoinductive compared to tissue culture plate controls. However, cells seeded on nanofibrous scaffolds exhibited greater proliferation measured by MTT assay, and higher expression of early markers for osteogenic differentiation proving the superior applicability of nanofibrous scaffolds for bone grafting applications.