Brain Theranostics and Radiotheranostics: Exosomes and Graphenes In Vivo as Novel Brain Theranostics

• Published in: Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging Vol. 52; no. 6; pp. 407 - 419
• Main Authors: Suh, Minseok, Lee, Dong Soo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2018; Springer Nature B.V; 대한핵의학회
• Subjects: Blood-brain barrier; Brain; Cardiology; Disease; Graphene; Imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nuclear Medicine; Oncology; Orthopedics; Public health; Quantum dots; Radiology; Review; 방사선과학; Radiotheranostics; Brain; Exosome; Graphene; Transcriptomics; Theranostics
• ISSN: 1869-3474; 1869-3482
• DOI: 10.1007/s13139-018-0550-9

Brain disease is one of the greatest threats to public health. Brain theranostics is recently taking shape, indicating the treatments of stroke, inflammatory brain disorders, psychiatric diseases, neurodevelopmental disease, and neurodegenerative disease. However, several factors, such as lack of endophenotype classification, blood-brain barrier (BBB), target determination, ignorance of biodistribution after administration, and complex intercellular communication between brain cells, make brain theranostics application difficult, especially when it comes to clinical application. So, a more thorough understanding of each aspect is needed. In this review, we focus on recent studies regarding the role of exosomes in intercellular communication of brain cells, therapeutic effect of graphene quantum dots, transcriptomics/epitranscriptomics approach for target selection, and in vitro/in vivo considerations.