Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reshaped the dynamic reconfiguration of the executive and reward networks in individuals with tobacco use disorder

• Published in: Journal of affective disorders Vol. 365; pp. 427 - 436
• Main Authors: Li, Shuang, Zhang, ZhengJie, Jiang, Anhang, Ma, Xuefeng, Wang, Min, Ni, Haosen, Yang, Bo, Zheng, Yanbin, Wang, Lingxiao, Dong, Guang-Heng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.11.2024
• Subjects: Basal ganglia network; Community structure; Default mode network; Dynamic network; Medial frontal network; Psychiatric/Mental Health; Tobacco use disorder; Community structure; Basal ganglia network; Tobacco use disorder; Default mode network; Dynamic network; Medial frontal network
• ISSN: 0165-0327; 1573-2517; 1573-2517
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.120

Studies have demonstrated the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to decrease smoking cravings in individuals with tobacco use disorder (TUD). However, the neural features underlying the effects of rTMS treatment, especially the dynamic attributes of brain networks associated with the treatment, remain unclear. Using dynamic functional connectivity analysis, this study first explored the differences in dynamic functional network features between 60 subjects with TUD and 64 nonsmoking healthy controls (HCs). Then, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was targeted for a five-day course of rTMS treatment in the 60 subjects with TUD (active rTMS in 42 subjects and sham treatment in 18 subjects). We explored the effect of rTMS on the dynamic network features associated with rTMS by comparing the actively treated group and the sham group. Compared to nonsmokers, TUD subjects exhibited an increased integration coefficient between the frontoparietal network (FPN) and the basal ganglia network (BGN) and a reduced integration coefficient between the medial frontal network (MFN) and the FPN. Analysis of variance revealed that rTMS treatment reduced the integration coefficient between the FPN and BGN and improved the recruitment coefficient of the FPN. This study involved a limited sample of young male smokers, and the findings may not generalize to older smokers or female smokers with an extensive history of smoking. rTMS treatment of the left DLPFC exhibited significant effectiveness in restructuring the neural circuits associated with TUD while significantly mitigating smoking cravings. •a five-day course of rTMS treatments over left DLPFC reduced cravings in smokers•The dynamic neural mechanism of rTMS in the treatment of smoking is revealed•rTMS treatment reconstructed the prefrontal-striatal circuit in smokers