The pleiotropic roles of leptin in metabolism, immunity, and cancer

The discovery of the archetypal adipocytokine leptin and how it regulates energy homeostasis have represented breakthroughs in our understanding of the endocrine function of the adipose tissue and the biological determinants of human obesity. Investigations on leptin have also been instrumental in i...

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Published inThe Journal of experimental medicine Vol. 218; no. 5
Main Authors de Candia, Paola, Prattichizzo, Francesco, Garavelli, Silvia, Alviggi, Carlo, La Cava, Antonio, Matarese, Giuseppe
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Rockefeller University Press 03.05.2021
Subjects
Autoimmunity
Metabolism
Review
Tolerance
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ISSN0022-1007
1540-9538
1540-9538
DOI10.1084/jem.20191593

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Summary:The discovery of the archetypal adipocytokine leptin and how it regulates energy homeostasis have represented breakthroughs in our understanding of the endocrine function of the adipose tissue and the biological determinants of human obesity. Investigations on leptin have also been instrumental in identifying physio-pathological connections between metabolic regulation and multiple immunological functions. For example, the description of the promoting activities of leptin on inflammation and cell proliferation have recognized the detrimental effects of leptin in connecting dysmetabolic conditions with cancer and with onset and/or progression of autoimmune disease. Here we review the multiple biological functions and complex framework of operations of leptin, discussing why and how the pleiotropic activities of this adipocytokine still pose major hurdles in the development of effective leptin-based therapeutic opportunities for different clinical conditions.
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Disclosures: C. Alviggi reported personal fees from Merck outside the submitted work. G. Matarese reported grants from Merck, personal fees from Merck, grants from Biogen, personal fees from Biogen, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Novartis, and grants from IBSA outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.
ISSN:0022-1007
1540-9538
1540-9538
DOI:10.1084/jem.20191593