Evaluation of an artificial intelligent hydrocephalus diagnosis model based on transfer learning

• Published in: Medicine (Baltimore) Vol. 99; no. 29; p. e21229
• Main Authors: Duan, Weike, Zhang, Jinsen, Zhang, Liang, Lin, Zongsong, Chen, Yuhang, Hao, Xiaowei, Wang, Yixin, Zhang, Hongri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc 17.07.2020; Wolters Kluwer Health
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Diagnostic Accuracy Study; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus - diagnostic imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neural Networks, Computer; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0025-7974; 1536-5964; 1536-5964
• DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021229

To design and develop artificial intelligence (AI) hydrocephalus (HYC) imaging diagnostic model using a transfer learning algorithm and evaluate its application in the diagnosis of HYC by non-contrast material-enhanced head computed tomographic (CT) images.A training and validation dataset of non-contrast material-enhanced head CT examinations that comprised of 1000 patients with HYC and 1000 normal people with no HYC accumulating to 28,500 images. Images were pre-processed, and the feature variables were labeled. The feature variables were extracted by the neural network for transfer learning. AI algorithm performance was tested on a separate dataset containing 250 examinations of HYC and 250 of normal. Resident, attending and consultant in the department of radiology were also tested with the test sets, their results were compared with the AI model.Final model performance for HYC showed 93.6% sensitivity (95% confidence interval: 77%, 97%) and 94.4% specificity (95% confidence interval: 79%, 98%), with area under the characteristic curve of 0.93. Accuracy rate of model, resident, attending, and consultant were 94.0%, 93.4%, 95.6%, and 97.0%.AI can effectively identify the characteristics of HYC from CT images of the brain and automatically analyze the images. In the future, AI can provide auxiliary diagnosis of image results and reduce the burden on junior doctors.