Bone marrow Adipoq-lineage progenitors are a major cellular source of M-CSF that dominates bone marrow macrophage development, osteoclastogenesis, and bone mass

• Published in: eLife Vol. 12
• Main Authors: Inoue, Kazuki, Qin, Yongli, Xia, Yuhan, Han, Jie, Yuan, Ruoxi, Sun, Jun, Xu, Ren, Jiang, Jean X, Greenblatt, Matthew B, Zhao, Baohong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 13.02.2023; eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Adiponectin - metabolism; AdipoQ-expressing progenitors; Animals; bone; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism; bone marrow macrophages; Cell Differentiation; Csf1; Humans; Immunology and Inflammation; M-CSF; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - metabolism; Macrophages - metabolism; Medicine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; osteoclast; Osteoclasts - metabolism; Osteogenesis; Adipose; M-CSF; macrophage; bone; medicine; osteoporosis; scRNAseq; bone marrow; postmenopausal osteoporosis; AdipoQ-expressing progenitors; bone marrow adipoq+ cells; mouse; bone marrow adipocyte progenitors; inflammation; bone homeostasis; Csf1; osteoclast; immunology; bone marrow macrophages
• ISSN: 2050-084X; 2050-084X
• DOI: 10.7554/eLife.82118

M-CSF is a critical growth factor for myeloid lineage cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts. Tissue-resident macrophages in most organs rely on local M-CSF. However, it is unclear what specific cells in the bone marrow produce M-CSF to maintain myeloid homeostasis. Here, we found that Adipoq-lineage progenitors but not mature adipocytes in bone marrow or in peripheral adipose tissue, are a major cellular source of M-CSF, with these Adipoq-lineage progenitors producing M-CSF at levels much higher than those produced by osteoblast lineage cells. The Adipoq-lineage progenitors with high CSF1 expression also exist in human bone marrow. Deficiency of M-CSF in bone marrow Adipoq-lineage progenitors drastically reduces the generation of bone marrow macrophages and osteoclasts, leading to severe osteopetrosis in mice. Furthermore, the osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice can be significantly alleviated by the absence of M-CSF in bone marrow Adipoq-lineage progenitors. Our findings identify bone marrow Adipoq-lineage progenitors as a major cellular source of M-CSF in bone marrow and reveal their crucial contribution to bone marrow macrophage development, osteoclastogenesis, bone homeostasis, and pathological bone loss.