Advances in Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Clinical Applications

• Published in: Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul) Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 161 - 173
• Main Authors: Kwon, So Yoon, Moon, Jun Sung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Endocrine Society 01.04.2025; 대한내분비학회
• Subjects: Blood Glucose - analysis; blood glucose self-monitoring; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring - methods; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring - trends; Continuous Glucose Monitoring; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Glycated Hemoglobin - analysis; Glycemic Control - methods; Humans; Hypoglycemia - prevention & control; Review; 내과학; Continuous glucose monitoring; Blood glucose self-monitoring; Diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 2093-596X; 2093-5978; 2093-5978
• DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2025.2370

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has revolutionized diabetes management, significantly enhancing glycemic control across diverse patient populations. Recent evidence supports its effectiveness in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes management, with benefits extending beyond traditional glucose monitoring approaches. CGM has demonstrated substantial improvements in glycemic control across multiple metrics. Studies report consistent glycosylated hemoglobin reductions of 0.25%–3.0% and notable time in range improvements of 15%–34%. CGM effectively reduces hypoglycemic events, with studies reporting significant reductions in time spent in hypoglycemia. CGM also serves as an educational tool for lifestyle modification, providing real-time feedback that helps patients understand how diet and physical activity affect glucose levels. While skin-related complications remain a concern, technological advancements have addressed many initial concerns. High satisfaction rates and long-term use suggest that device-related issues are manageable with proper education and support. Despite high initial costs, CGM’s prevention of complications and hospitalizations ultimately reduces healthcare expenditures. With appropriate training and support, CGM represents a transformative technology for comprehensive diabetes care.