Sleep and Circadian Disturbance in Cardiovascular Risk

• Published in: Current cardiology reports Vol. 24; no. 12; pp. 2097 - 2107
• Main Authors: Belloir, Joseph, Makarem, Nour, Shechter, Ari
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2022
• Subjects: Cardiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Circadian Rhythm - physiology; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Psychological Aspects of Cardiovascular Diseases (IM Kronish; Risk Factors; Section Editor; Sleep - physiology; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - complications; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - therapy; Topical Collection on Psychological Aspects of Cardiovascular Diseases; Circadian rhythms; Psychological; Health behaviors; Sleep; Cardiovascular health; Cardiovascular disease prevention
• ISSN: 1523-3782; 1534-3170; 1534-3170
• DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01816-z

Purpose of Review We discuss the relationship between sleep and circadian factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including physiologic, behavioral, and psychological mechanisms along this pathway. Recent Findings The relationship between short and long sleep duration, as well as insomnia, with CVD risk is well-established. Recent work has highlighted how other sleep factors, such as sleep regularity (i.e., consistency of sleep timing), multidimensional sleep health, and circadian factors like chronotype and social jetlag, relate to CVD risk. Sleep-focused interventions (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and sleep extension) may be effective to reduce CVD risk and disease burden. Summary Sleep is increasingly recognized as an integral component of cardiovascular health. This was underscored by the recent inclusion of sleep duration as a health behavior in the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 for defining optimal cardiovascular health.