Gestational Diabetes – Metabolic Risks of Adult Women With Respect to Birth Weight

• Published in: Physiological research Vol. 64; no. Suppl 2; pp. S135 - S145
• Main Authors: VEJRAZKOVA, D., LUKASOVA, P., VANKOVA, M., BRADNOVA, O., VACINOVA, G., VCELAK, J., CIRMANOVA, V., ANDELOVA, K., KREJCI, H., BENDLOVA, B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Czech Republic Institute of Physiology 01.01.2015
• Subjects: Adult; Birth weight; Birth Weight - physiology; Cohort Studies; Diabetes, Gestational - diagnosis; Diabetes, Gestational - epidemiology; Diabetes, Gestational - metabolism; Female; Glucose; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight - metabolism; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 0862-8408; 1802-9973
• DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933089

Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and other components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are connected with birth weight. Low and high birth weight is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, the mechanism is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the association between birth weight and anthropometric as well as biochemical components of MetS in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in comparison with control women. In part of the GDM group, we re-evaluated metabolic changes over 5-8 years. Anthropometry, blood pressure, glucose metabolism during the 3-h oGTT, lipid profile, uric acid, thyroid hormones, and liver enzymes were assessed. From the analyzed components of MetS in adult women we proved the association of low birth weight (birth weight <25th percentile) with glucose processing, in particular among women with a history of GDM. Low birth weight GDM women revealed significantly higher postchallenge insulin secretion and lower peripheral insulin sensitivity. Re-examinations indicate this association persists long after delivery.