Measuring the Size of the Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoir: The Present and Future of Evaluating Eradication Strategies

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 215; no. suppl_3; pp. S134 - S141
• Main Authors: Henrich, Timothy J., Deeks, Steven G., Pillai, Satish K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 15.03.2017
• Subjects: Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; HIV - physiology; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - virology; Humans; Supplement; Viral Load; Virus Latency; HIV reservoirs; quantitative assays; antiretroviral treatment interruption; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV); HIV persistence
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw648

One of the major barriers to the successful design and implementation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) curative strategies is the limited ability to sensitively, specifically, and precisely quantify and characterize the whole-body burden of replication-competent HIV in individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy. Here, we review the development and validation of assays that directly and indirectly measure the size and distribution of the reservoir in blood and tissues. We also discuss the role that treatment interruptions will have in validating these assays and ultimately as a "proof of cure."