Real-time wireless marine radioactivity monitoring system using a SiPM-based mobile gamma spectroscopy mounted on an unmanned marine vehicle

• Published in: Nuclear engineering and technology Vol. 55; no. 6; pp. 2158 - 2165
• Main Authors: Lee, Min Sun, Kim, Soo Mee, Jang, Mee, Cha, Hyemi, Seo, Jung-Min, Baek, Seungjae, Lim, Jong-Myoung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.06.2023; Elsevier; 한국원자력학회
• Subjects: Gamma spectroscopy; Long Range (LoRa); Marine radioactivity monitoring; Silicon photomultiplier; Unmanned marine vehicle; 원자력공학; Long Range (LoRa); Unmanned marine vehicle; Marine radioactivity monitoring; Silicon photomultiplier; Gamma spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1738-5733; 2234-358X; 2234-358X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2023.03.017

Marine radioactivity monitoring is critical for taking immediate action in case of unexpected nuclear accidents at nuclear facilities located near coastal areas. Especially when the level of contamination is not predictable, mobile monitoring systems will be useful for wide-area ocean radiation survey and for determination of the level of radioactivity. Here, we used a silicon photomultiplier and a high-efficiency GAGG crystal to fabricate a compact, battery-powered gamma spectroscopy that can be used in an ocean environment. The developed spectroscopy has compact dimensions of 6.5 × 6.5× 8 cm3 and weighs 560 g. We used LoRa, a low-power wireless protocol for communication. Successful data transmission was achieved within 1.4 m water depth. The developed gamma spectroscopy was able to detect radioactivity from a 137Cs point source (3.7 kBq) at a distance of 20 cm in water. Moreover, we demonstrated an unmanned radioactivity monitoring system in a real sea by combining unmanned surface vehicle with the developed gamma spectroscopy. A hidden 137Cs source (3.07 MBq) was detected by the unmanned system at a distance of 3 m. After successfully testing the developed mobile spectroscopy in an ocean environment, we believe that our proposed system will be an effective solution for mobile real-time marine radioactivity monitoring.