Vegetables and PUFA-rich plant oil reduce DNA strand breaks in individuals with type 2 diabetes

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research Vol. 57; no. 2; pp. 328 - 338
• Main Authors: Müllner, Elisabeth, Brath, Helmut, Pleifer, Simone, Schiermayr, Christiane, Baierl, Andreas, Wallner, Marlies, Fastian, Theresia, Millner, Yvonne, Paller, Kristina, Henriksen, Trine, Poulsen, Henrik Enghusen, Forster, Ernst, Wagner, Karl-Heinz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.2013; Wiley
• Subjects: Aged; Antioxidants - analysis; Biological and medical sciences; Comet Assay; Deoxyguanosine - analogs & derivatives; Deoxyguanosine - urine; Diabetes mellitus type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Fat industries; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - administration & dosage; Female; Food industries; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycated Hemoglobin A - urine; Glycemic Index; Guanosine - analogs & derivatives; Guanosine - urine; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - cytology; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - drug effects; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Patient Compliance; Plant oil; Plant Oils - administration & dosage; Vegetables; Endocrinopathy; Type 2 diabetes; Vegetables; DNA; DNA damage; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Lipids; Metabolic diseases; Plant oil; Damage; Diabetes mellitus type 2; Oil plant
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200343

Scope Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease associated with increased oxidative stress, which may lead to increased DNA damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a healthy diet on DNA oxidation in diabetics and nondiabetics. Methods and results Seventy‐six diabetic and 21 nondiabetic individuals participated in this study. All subjects received information about the benefits of a healthy diet, while subjects randomly assigned to the intervention group received additionally 300 g of vegetables and 25 mL PUFA‐rich plant oil per day. DNA damage in mononuclear cells (Comet Assay), urinary excretion of 8‐oxo‐7‐hydro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxodG) and 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydroguanosine (8‐oxoGuo) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured at baseline, after 4, 8 (end of intervention), and 16 weeks. The intervention with vegetables and PUFA‐rich oil led to a significant increase in plasma antioxidant concentrations. Diabetic individuals of the intervention group showed a significant reduction in HbA1c and DNA strand breaks. Levels of HbA1c were also improved in diabetics of the information group, but oxidative damage to DNA was not altered. Urinary 8‐oxodG and 8‐oxoGuo excretion remained unchanged in both groups. Conclusions This study provides evidence that a healthy diet rich in antioxidants reduces levels of DNA strand breaks in diabetic individuals.