Harnessing ultraconfined graphene plasmons to probe the electrodynamics of superconductors

We show that the Higgs mode of a superconductor, which is usually challenging to observe by far-field optics, can be made clearly visible using near-field optics by harnessing ultraconfined graphene plasmons. As near-field sources we investigate two examples: graphene plasmons and quantum emitters....

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 118; no. 4; pp. 1 - 6
Main Authors Costa, A. T., Gonçalves, P. A. D., Basov, D. N., Koppens, Frank H. L., Mortensen, N. Asger, Peres, N. M. R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 26.01.2021
Subjects
Graphene
Physical Sciences
Plasmons
Polaritons
Science & Technology
Superconductivity
superconductivity
polaritons
near-field microscopy
graphene
plasmons
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ISSN0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI10.1073/pnas.2012847118

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Summary:We show that the Higgs mode of a superconductor, which is usually challenging to observe by far-field optics, can be made clearly visible using near-field optics by harnessing ultraconfined graphene plasmons. As near-field sources we investigate two examples: graphene plasmons and quantum emitters. In both cases the coupling to the Higgs mode is clearly visible. In the case of the graphene plasmons, the coupling is signaled by a clear anticrossing stemming from the interaction of graphene plasmons with the Higgs mode of the superconductor. In the case of the quantum emitters, the Higgs mode is observable through the Purcell effect. When combining the superconductor, graphene, and the quantum emitters, a number of experimental knobs become available for unveiling and studying the electrodynamics of superconductors.
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Edited by J. B. Pendry, Imperial College London, London, UK, and approved December 17, 2020 (received for review June 21, 2020)
Author contributions: A.T.C., P.A.D.G., N.A.M., and N.M.R.P. designed research; A.T.C., P.A.D.G., F.H.L.K., N.A.M., and N.M.R.P. performed research; A.T.C., P.A.D.G., D.N.B., F.H.L.K., N.A.M., and N.M.R.P. analyzed data; and A.T.C., P.A.D.G., D.N.B., F.H.L.K., N.A.M., and N.M.R.P. wrote the paper.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2012847118