A new formulation of Gamma Delta Tocotrienol has superior bioavailability compared to existing Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction in healthy human subjects

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 13550
• Main Authors: Meganathan, Puvaneswari, Jabir, Rafid Salim, Fuang, Ho Gwo, Bhoo-Pathy, Nirmala, Choudhury, Roma Basu, Taib, Nur Aishah, Nesaretnam, Kalanithi, Chik, Zamri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.09.2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/92/349; 692/308/2779/109/1940; 692/308/2779/777; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Area Under Curve; Bioavailability; Biological Availability; Cancer; Chromans - administration & dosage; Chromans - pharmacokinetics; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Compounding; Female; Half-Life; Healthy Volunteers; High-performance liquid chromatography; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Isomerism; Isomers; Liquid chromatography; Male; multidisciplinary; ROC Curve; Science; Tocotrienols - blood; Vitamin E; Vitamin E - administration & dosage; Vitamin E - analogs & derivatives; Vitamin E - pharmacokinetics; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep13550

Gamma and delta tocotrienols are isomers of Vitamin E with established potency in pre-clinical anti-cancer research. This single-dose, randomized, crossover study aimed to compare the safety and bioavailability of a new formulation of Gamma Delta Tocotrienol (GDT) in comparison with the existing Tocotrienol-rich Fraction (TRF) in terms of gamma and delta isomers in healthy volunteers. Subjects were given either two 300 mg GDT (450 mg γ-T3 and 150 mg δ-T3) capsules or four 200 mg TRF (451.2 mg γ-T3 & 102.72 mg δ-T3) capsules and blood samples were taken at several time points over 24 hours. Plasma tocotrienol concentrations were determined using HPLC method. The 90% CI for gamma and delta tocotrienols for the ratio of log-transformation of GDT/TRF for C max and AUC 0–∞ (values were anti-logged and expressed as a percentage) were beyond the bioequivalence limits (106.21–195.46, 154.11–195.93 and 52.35–99.66, 74.82–89.44 respectively). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for T max did not show any significant difference between GDT and TRF for both isomers (p > 0.05). No adverse events were reported during the entire period of study. GDT was found not bioequivalent to TRF, in terms of AUC and C max . Gamma tocotrienol in GDT showed superior bioavailability whilst delta tocotrienol showed less bioavailability compared to TRF.